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Faculty Research and Publications Links

Alice Hall

Alan Heisel

Su Ang Jang

Amer Reinhart

Yan Tian

Jina Yoo

Lara Zwarun

Alice Hall
Associate Professor
Research Interests: Mass Communication, Media Audiences

Selected Publications and Presentations:

Hall, A. (in press). Perceptions of the authenticity of reality programs and their relationships to audience involvement, enjoyment, and perceived learning. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media.


Hall, A., & Bracken, C. C. (2008, May). Trait empathy, transportation, perceived realism, and movie enjoyment. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, Quebec, Canada.


Hall, A. (2007). The social implications of enjoyment of different types of music, movies, and television programming. Western Journal of Communication, 71, 259-271.


Ding, C., & Hall, A. (2007). Gender, race, and grade differences in perceptions of school among adolescents. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 33, 159-174.


Hall, A. (2006). Viewers’ perceptions of reality programs. Communication Quarterly, 54, 191-212.


Hall, A. (2006, June). Audience evaluations of the realism of improbable or fantastic stories. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, Dresden, Germany.


Hall, A. (2005). Personality and the use and selection of media materials. Media Psychology, 7, 377-398.


Hall, A. (2005). Sensation seeking and the use and selection of media materials. Psychological Reports, 97, 236-244.


Heisel, A., & Hall, A. (2005, November). Channel effects on source perceptions: An investigation of perceptions of intelligence in CMC and FtF contexts. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, MA


Hall, A. (2005, May). The impact of reality programs’ perceived factuality on viewers’ senses of suspense and learning. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, New York, NY.


Hall, A. (2004, November). Contributions of realism perceptions to dedicated viewers’ responses to reality programs. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Heisel, A., & Hall, A. (2004, November). Attributions in computer-mediated communication: Sex, intelligence, and competence. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Hall, A. (2004, August). The impact of viewers’ perceptions of the behavior of reality program cast members: The gratifications of foolishness, failure, and fakery. Poster presented at the meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Toronto, Canada.


Hall, A. (2003). Reading realism: Audiences’ perceptions of the realism of mass media texts. Journal of Communication, 53, 624-641.


Heisel, A., & Hall, A. (2003, April). Computer-mediated communication and face-to-face: A comparison of uncertainty reduction strategies involving nonverbal cues. Talk presented at the meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Washington, DC.


Hall, A., & Cappella, J. (2002). The impact of political talk radio exposure on attributions about the outcome of the 1996 presidential election. Journal of Communication, 52, 332-350.


Beatty, M. J., Heisel, A. D., Hall, A. E., Levine, T. R., & La France, B. H. (2002). What can we learn from the study of twins about genetic and environmental influences on interpersonal affiliation, aggressiveness, and social anxiety?: A meta-analytic study. Communication Monographs, 69, 1-18.


Hall, A., Csapó-Sweet, R., & Kaposi, I. (2002, November). David Lynch’s postmodern noir universe. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, New Orleans, LA.


Hall, A. (2002, November). Motivation, identification, and perceptions of quality as factors in audiences' selection of TV programs. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, New Orleans, LA.


Hall, A. (2002, July). The roots of identification: Factors predicting adult viewers' identification with media personalities. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, Seoul, Korea.


Hall, A. (2001). Film reviews and the public's perceptions of stereotypes: Movie critics’ discourse about The Siege. Communication Quarterly, 49, 399-423.


Hall, A. (2000). Mass media and cultural identity: An analysis of U.S. and Canadian coverage of audio-visual materials in the GATT. The Gazette, 62, 231-249.


Hall, A., Anten, T., & Cakim, I. (1999). Perceived typicality: American television as seen by Mexicans, Turks, and Americans. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 16, 436-455.




Alan Heisel
Associate Professor
Research Interests: Organizational, instructional, interpersonal communication

Selected Publications and Presentations:

Beatty, M. J., Heisel, A. D., Lewis, R., Pence, M. (November, 2008). Resting alpha range asymmetry in the anterior cortex as a predictor of trait-like communication apprehension. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, San Diego. Top Four competitively ranked paper.


Pence, M., Heisel, A. D., Reinhart, A., Tian, Y., & Beatty, M. J. (November, 2008). Prefrontal cortex activity and the regulation of communication avoidance, competence, and other constructs: A meta-analytic review. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, San Diego. Top Four competitively ranked paper.


Beatty, M. J., & Heisel, A. D. (2007). Physiological activity during verbal planning: Physical evidence of the formation of social interaction routines. Human Communication Research 33, 48-63.


Heisel, A. D. (November, 2007). Communication apprehension and cortical activity during message planning. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Beatty, M. J., & Heisel, A. D. (November, 2006). Spectrum analysis of cortical activity during verbal planning: Physical evidence for the formation of social interaction routines. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.


Heisel, A. D., & Hall, A. E. (November, 2005). Channel effects and source perceptions: An investigation of attributions of intelligence in CMC and FtF. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, MA.


Beatty, M. J., & Heisel, A. D. (November, 2005). Are cognitive representations of friends’ request refusals implemented in the orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices?: A cognitive neuroscience approach to “theory of mind” in relationships. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, MA.


La France, B. H., Heisel, A. D., & Beatty, M. J. (2004). Is there empirical evidence for a nonverbal profile of extraversion?: A meta-analysis and critique of the literature. Communication Monographs, 71, 28-49.


Heisel, A. D., La France, B. H., & Beatty, M. J. (2003). Self-reported extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism as predictors of peer rated verbal aggressiveness and affinity-seeking competence. Communication Monographs, 70, 1-15.


Beatty, M. J., Heisel, A. D., Hall, A. E., Levine, T. R., & La France, B. H. (2002). What can we learn from the study of twins about genetic and environmental influences on interpersonal affiliation, aggressiveness, and social anxiety?: A meta-analytic study. Communication Monographs, 69, 1-18.


McCroskey, J. C., Heisel, A. D., & Richmond, V. P. (2001). Eysenck's BIG THREE and communication traits: Three correlational analyses. Communication Monographs, 68, 360-366.


Beatty, M. J., McCroskey, J. C., & Heisel, A. D. (1998). Communication apprehension as temperamental expression: A communibiological paradigm. Communication Monographs, 65, 197-219.


La France, B. H., Heisel, A. D., & Beatty, M. J. (2007). A test of the cognitive load hypothesis: Investigating the impact of number of nonverbal cues coded and length of coding session on observer accuracy. Communication Reports, 20,11-23.


Heisel, A. D., & Beatty, M. J. (2006). Are cognitive representations of friends’ request refusals implemented in the orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices?: A cognitive neuroscience approach to “theory of mind” in relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 23, 249-265.


McCroskey, J. C., Richmond, V. P., Heisel, A. D., & Hayhurst, J. L. (2004). Eysenck’s BIG THREE and communication traits: Communication traits as manifestations of temperament. Communication Research Reports, 21, 404-410.


Beatty, M. J., & Heisel, A. D. (November, 2004). Do people rely on message structures during routine interactions or do they improvise?: An investigation of prefrontal cortex activity and message construction. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Heisel, A. D., & Akerson, A. W. (November, 2004). Public relations and advertising: Two sides of the same coin, or different denominations? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Heisel, A. D., & Hall, A. E. (November, 2004). Attributions in computer-mediated communication: Sex, age, intelligence, and competence. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


La France, B. H., Heisel, A. D., & Beatty, M. J. (November, 2004). Methodological issues in meta analysis: The correlation between sample size and effect size. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Heisel, A. D., & Hall, A. E. (May, 2003). Computer-mediated communication and face-to-face interactions: A comparison of uncertainty reduction strategies involving nonverbal cues. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Washington, DC.


Heisel, A. D., La France, B. H., & Beatty, M. J. (November, 2003). Self-reported extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism as predictors of peer rated affiliation and aggression. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association in Miami Beach, FL.


Martin, M. M., Valencic, K. M. & Heisel, A. D. (2002). The relationship between students' communication apprehension and their motives for communicating with their instructors. Communication Research Reports, 19, 1-7.


Heisel, A. D., La France, B. H., & Beatty, M. J. (November, 2002). Is there empirical evidence for a nonverbal profile of extraversion?: A meta-analysis and critique of the literature. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, New Orleans, LA.


Martin, M. M., Heisel, A. D., & Valencic, K. M. (2001). Verbal Aggression in computer-mediated decision-making. Psychological Reports, 89, 24.


Richmond, V. P., Smith, R. S., Jr., Heisel, A. D., & McCroskey, J. C. (2001). Nonverbal immediacy in the physician/patient relationship. Communication Research Reports, 18, 211-216.


McCroskey, J. C., Heisel, A. D., & Richmond, V. P. (November, 2001). Associations between temperament and communication traits: A quantitative examination of communibiological relationships. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Atlanta, GA.


Martin, M. M., Valencic, K. M., & Heisel, A. D. (April, 2001). The relationship between students' motives for communicating with their instructors and perceptions of initiator nonverbal immediacy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Portland, ME.


Hines, S. C., Toale, M. C., Heisel, A. D., Barringer, D. K., Amos, R., Burkett, J., Cline, J., D’Alesio, V., Davis, C., Mattielo, J. (2000). Communication in advance care planning: Preferences for surrogate involvement. Southern Journal of Communication, 66, 27-39.


Heisel, A. D. & Cole, J. G. (November, 2000). Self-esteem and willingness to communicate: The communibiology of the perceived self and its’ consequent communication. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago.


Martin, M. M., Valencic, K. M., & Heisel, A. D. (November, 2000). The relationship between students’ motives for communicating with their instructors with communication apprehension and motivation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Neuliep, J. W., Chadouir, M., McCroskey, J. C., & Heisel, A. D. (November, 2000). Testing the communibiological model of communication apprehension as temperamental expression: Intra-cultural replications and a cross-cultural comparison. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Heisel, A. D. (May, 2000). Violations of territory: Nonverbal spatial rules revisited. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Pittsburgh, PA.


Heisel, A. D., & Hieronimus, L. M. (May, 2000). The strategic use of verbal aggression. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Pittsburgh, PA.


Martin, M. M., Valencic, K. M., & Heisel, A. D. (May, 2000). Students’ motives for communicating with their instructors IV: Considering instructors’ use of BATs. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Communication Association, Pittsburgh, PA. Top three competitively ranked paper.


Heisel, A. D., McCroskey, J. C., & Richmond, V. P. (1999). Testing genetic predictors and non-predictors of communication traits: Getting started with communibiology. Communication Research Reports, 16, 1-9.


Richmond, V. P., Heisel, A. D., Smith, R. S., Jr., & McCroskey, J. C. (1999). The impact of communication apprehension and fear of talking with a physician on perceived medical outcomes. Communication Research Reports, 15, 344-353.


Valencic, K. M., Beatty, M. J., Rudd, J. E., Dobos, J. A., & Heisel, A. D. (1998). An empirical test of a communibiological model of trait verbal aggressiveness. Communication Quarterly, 46, 327-341.



Su Ahn Jang
Assistant Professor
Research Interests: Close relationships, intercultural and family communication, health communication

Selected Publications and Presentations:

Jang, S. A. (2008) Understanding relational uncertainty, communication efficacy, and avoidance following rational partner’s deception the mediating role of communication efficacy. Paper presented at The 58th Annual ICA Conference, Montreal, Canada.


Jang, S. A. (2007, May). Understanding the association between communication efficacy and avoidance in situations that increase uncertainty in close relationships. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, San Francisco, CA.


Jang, S. A. & Yoo, J. H., (2007) What are you sad about? Sociocultural determinants of the negative emotion of dementia caregivers in the U.S. and in Korea. Paper presented at the National Communication Association 93rd Annual Convention, Chicago, IL.


Jang, S. A. & Yoo, J. H (2007) Communication Efficacy and Communication: An investigation of avoided topics, communication efficacy, and relational correlates in intimate relationships. Paper Presented at the National Communication Association 93rd Annual Convention, Chicago, IL.


Jang, S. A. (2006, November). The effects of self-efficacy and attachment styles on individuals' communication patterns in close relationships. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.


Jang, S. A. (2006, November). The relationship between negative political advertisings and voter turnouts: The role of political efficacy. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.


Turner, M. M., Banas, J. A., Rains, S., Moore, J., & Jang, S.A. (2005, November). Testing the effects of altercasting, source status, and target liking on compliance using the lost letter technique. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, MA.


Jang, S.A., Smith, S. W., & Levine, T. R. (2002). To stay or to leave? The role of attachment styles in communication patterns and potential termination of romantic relationships following discovery of deception. Communication Monographs, 69, 236-252.



Amber Reinhart
Assistant Professor
Research interests: Organ and tissue donation issues, process of making health-related decisions, program evaluations, promotion of healthy behaviors, new technologies’ effect on health communication, and community health programs.

Selected Publications and Presentations:

Marshall, H.M., Reinhart, A.M., Tutzauer, F., Feeley, T.H., & Anker, A. (2008). Health Behaviors and Involvement: An Application of Cho and Boster’s Value-, Outcome-, and Impression-Relevant Involvement Scales. Health Communication, 23(2), 171-183.


Pence, M., Heisel, A., Reinhart, A., Tian, Y., & Beatty, M. (November 2008). Prefrontal Cortex Asymmetry and the Regulation of Communication Avoidance, Competence, and other Constructs: A Meta-Analytic Review. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association. San Diego, CA.

Reinhart, A.M., Marshall, H.M., Tutzauer, F., & Feeley, T.H. (2007). The Persuasive Effects of Message-Framing in Organ Donation: The Mediating Role of Psychological Reactance. Communication Monographs, 74, 229-255.


Reinhart, A. M. & Feeley, T.H. (November 2007). Comparing the Persuasive Effects of Narrative versus Statistical Messages in Health Communication: A Meta-Analytic Review and Experiment. Paper presented at the National Communication Association. Chicago, IL.


Reinhart, A. M., Marshall, H.M., Tutzauer, F., & Feeley, T.H. (November 2007). The Persuasive Effects of Message-Framing in Organ Donation: The Mediating Role of Psychological Reactance. Paper presented at the National Communication Association. Chicago, IL.


Feeley, T. H., Marshall, H.M., & Reinhart, A.M. (2006). Reactions to Narrative and Statistical Messages Promoting Organ Donation. Communication Reports, 19, 89-100.


Reinhart, A.M., Marshall, H.M., Tutzauer, F., & Feeley, T.H. (November 2006) The Persuasive Effects of Message-Framing in Organ Donation: A Two-Study Experiment. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association. San Antonio, TX.


Marshall, H.M., Reinhart, A.M., Tutzauer, F., & Feeley, T.H. (November 2006). Health Behaviors and Involvement: An Application of Cho and Boster’s Value-, Outcome-, and Impression-Relevant Involvement Scales. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association. San Antonio, TX.


Dickerson, S., Reinhart, A.M., Akhu-Zaheya, L., Boehmke, M., & Ogle, C. (2006, July). Male Oncology Patient Perspectives on Internet Use for Cancer Care. Paper presented at the Cancer on the Internet conference, Washington, DC.


Feeley, T. H., Marshall, H.M., & Reinhart, A.M. (November 2005). Reactions to Narrative and Statistical Messages Promoting Organ Donation: A Replication and Extension of Kopfman, Smith, Ah Yun, and Hodges (1998). Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association. Boston, MA.


Reinhart, A.M., & Feeley, T.H. (April 2006). Comparing the Persuasive Effects of Narrative versus Statistical Messages: A Meta-Analytic Review. Paper presented at the meeting of the Kentucky Conference on Health Communication. Lexington, KY.


Dickerson, S., Reinhart, A.M., Feeley, T.H., Bidani, R., Rich, E., Garg, V., & Hershey, C. O. (2004). Patient Internet Use for Health Information at Three Urban Primary Care Clinics. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 11, 499-504.


Reinhart, A. M. (November 2004). Use of the Internet for Health-Related Information: A Meta-Analysis. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association. Chicago, IL.




Yan Tian
Assistant Professor
Research Interests: Internet-related communication, political communication, health communication, research methods.

Selected publications and presentations:

Tian, Y. & Robinson, J. D. (2008). Incidental health information use and media complementarity: A comparison of senior and non-senior cancer patients. Patient Education and Counseling, 71, 340-344.


Tian, Y., & Robinson, J. D. (2008). Media use and health information seeking: An empirical test of complementarity theory. Health Communication, 23, 184-190.


Tian, Y. & Robinson, J. D. (2007, November). Accidental learning of health information among cancer victims and cancer free adults. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, Illinois.


Robinson, J. D. & Tian, Y. (2007, November).Social support and reciprocity: Cancer patients and the provision of social support. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, Illinois.


Tian, Y., & Robinson, J. D. (2007, March). Incidental health information use and media complementarity: A comparison of senior and non-senior cancer victims. Paper presented at Communication and Health Symposium. Orange, California, March 2007.


Stewart, C. M., Gil-Egui, G., Tian, Y., & Pillegg, M. (2006). Framing the digital divide: A comparison of US and EU policy approaches. New Media & Society, 8, 731-751.


Tian, Y. (2006). Political use and perceived effects of the Internet: A case study of the 2004 election. Communication Research Reports, 23, 129-137.


Tian, Y. (2006). Communicating with local publics: A case study of Coca-Cola's Chinese website. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 11, 13-22.


Tian, Y. & Stewart. C. M. (2005). Framing the SARS crisis: A computer-assisted test analysis of CNN and BBC online news reports of SARS. Asian Journal of Communication, 15, 289-301.


Tian,Y., & Stewart, C. M. (2005, November). Power distance on corporate web sites: A comparison of the U.S. and Chinese corporate web site. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, Massachusetts.


Tian, Y. (2005, November). Civic engagement and Internet use: A structural model of civic use of the Internet. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, Massachusetts.


Tian, Y. (2005, May). Being responsible to the society: A computer-assisted text analysis of the mission statements from the Fortune 100 companies’ websites. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, New York, New York.


Maynard, M., & Tian, Y. (2004). Between global and glocal: Content analysis of the Chinese web sites of the 100 top global brands, Public Relations Review, 30, 285-291.


Tian, Y., & Stewart, C. M. (2004, November). Framing the SARS crisis: A computer-assisted text analysis of CNN and BBC online news reports of SARS. National Communication Association, Chicago, Illinois.



Jina Yoo
Assistant Professor
Research Interests: Interpersonal communication, social Influence, health campaign message design.

Selected Publications and Presentations:

Yoo, J. H., & Jang, S. A. (2007, November). What are you sad about? Sociocultural determinants of the negative emotion of dementia caregivers in the U.S. and in Korea. Paper Presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Jang, S. A. & Yoo, J. H (2007, November) Communication Efficacy and Communication: An investigation of avoided topics, communication efficacy, and relational correlates in intimate relationships. Paper Presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Yoo, J. H. (2007, May). To smile or not to smile :)? Defining the effects of emoticons on relational outcomes Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, San Francisco, CA.


Smith, S. W., Smith, S. L., Pieper, K. M., Yoo, J.H., Ferris, A. L., Downs, E., & Bowden, B. (2006). Altrusim on American television: Examining the amount of, and context surrounding, acts of helping and sharing. Journal of Communication, 56, 707-729.


Tian, Y., & Yoo,J. (2006, November). Political activities on the internet and voting probability Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.


Yoo, J., & Tian, Y. (2006, November). Is there such a thing as "sadness appeal?" Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, San Antonio, TX.


Yoo, J. (2005, November). Are you surprised? The effects of expectancy violation and information valence on information evaluation and uncertainty reduction. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Boston, MA.


Yoo, J. (2005, May).“Why should I trust you?” The path from information valence to uncertainty reduction, cognitive trust, and behavioral trust. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, New York, NY.


Smith, S. W., Kopfman, J. E., Lindsey, L. L., Yoo, J., & Morrison, K. (2004). Encouraging family discussion on the decision to donate organs: The role of the willingness to communicate scale. Health Communication, 16, 333-346.


Bresnahan, M. J., Smith, S. W., Lee, S. Y., Shearman, S., & Yoo, J. H. (2004, November). Giving and getting: Cultural factors in willingness to donate and to receive organs. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.


Yoo, J. (2004, November). Designing effective organ donation messages: A functional approach to examining the effects of sadness-inducing and fear-inducing messages. Paper presented at the meeting of the National Communication Association, Chicago, IL.




Lara Zwarun
Assistant Professor
Research Interests: Mass Communication; content, regulation, and effects of television and advertising; strategic messages.

Selected Publications and Presentations:

Zwarun, L. (2008). Policy worth perpetuating? An analysis of how well food commercials marketed to kids comply with CARU self-regulatory guidelines. Southwestern Mass Communication Journal, 1-9.


Zwarun, L. (2007). Assessing outcomes of service learning in advertising classrooms. Journal of Advertising Education, Spring, 5-16.


Zwarun, L. (2007). Wouldn’t they love to know? What makes consumers trust Web sites enough to disclose to them. Proceedings of the American Academy of Advertising, 197-205.


Zwarun, L., & Yao, M.Z. (2007, May). Intrusions, threats, rights, and strategies: Using multidimensional scaling to identify people’s perceptions of Internet privacy. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Communication Association, San Francisco.


Kunkel, D., & Zwarun, L. (2006). How real is the problem of media violence? The public health consequences of a violent media culture. In N.E. Dowd, D.G. Singer, & R.F. Wilson, (Eds.) Children, Culture, and Violence (pp. 203-224). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.


Zwarun, L. (2006). Ten years and one Master Settlement later: The nature and frequency of alcohol and tobacco promotion in televised sports, 2000 through 2002. American Journal of Public Health, 96(8), 1492-1497.


Zwarun, L., Linz, D., Metzger, M., & Kunkel, D. (2006). Effects of showing risk in beer commercials to young drinkers. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 50(1), 52-77.


Christie, T.B., Clark, A.M., & Zwarun, L. (2006). Finding a Credible Message to Win the Hearts and Minds of the Muslim World. Global Media Journal, 5(8).


Zwarun, L., & Farrar, K.M. (2005). Doing what they say, saying what they mean: Self-regulatory compliance and depictions of drinking in alcohol commercials in televised sports. Mass Communication and Society, 8(4), 347-371.


Zwarun, L. & Yao, M.Z. (2005, August). Exploring people's perceptions of privacy in the virtual world. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Education and Mass Communication conference, San Antonio.


Marshall, J, Zwarun, L., & Collins, S.J. (August, 2004). The recognition bowl: College football sponsorship and consumer responses. Paper presented at the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication conference, Toronto, ON.


Metzger, M, Flanagin, A., & Zwarun, L. (2003). College student Web use, perceptions of information credibility, and verification behavior. Computers and Education, 41, 271-290.


Kunkel, D., Farinola, W.M., Farrar, K., Donnerstein, E., Biely, E., & Zwarun, L. (2002). Deciphering the V-chip: An examination of the television industry’s program rating judgments. Journal of Communication, 52 (1), 112-138.