Information Systems
College of Business Administration
University of Missouri - St. Louis
Steps of Systems/Design Thinking

An example of a design thinking process could have seven stages: define, research, ideate, prototype, choose, implement, and learn.[2] Within these seven steps, problems can be framed, the right questions can be asked, more ideas can be created, and the best answers can be chosen. The steps aren't linear; they can occur simultaneously and can be repeated.

Define
Decide what issue you are trying to resolve.
Agree on who the audience is.
Prioritize this project in terms of urgency.
Determine what will make this project successful.
Establish a glossary of terms.

Research
Review the history of the issue; remember any existing obstacles.
Collect examples of other attempts to solve the same issue.
Note the project supporters, investors, and critics.
Talk to your end-users, that brings you the most fruitful ideas for later design.
Take into account thought leaders' opinions.

Ideation
Identify the needs and motivations of your end-users.
Generate as many ideas as possible to serve these identified needs.
Log your brainstorming session.
Do not judge or debate ideas.
During brainstorming, have one conversation at a time.

Prototype
Combine, expand, and refine ideas.
Create multiple drafts.
Seek feedback from a diverse group of people, include your end users.
Present a selection of ideas to the client.
Reserve judgement and maintain neutrality.
Create and present actual working prototype(s)

Choose
Review the objective.
Set aside emotion and ownership of ideas.
Avoid consensus thinking.
Remember: the most practical solution isn't always the best.
Select the powerful ideas.

Implement
Make task descriptions.
Plan tasks.
Determine resources.
Assign tasks.
Execute.
Deliver to client.

Learn
Gather feedback from the consumer.
Determine if the solution met its goals.
Discuss what could be improved.
Measure success; collect data.
Document.


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