Page Number In Haviland

Anthropological Term

Anthropological Definition

394

folklore

a nineteenth century term first used to refer to the traditional oral stories and sayings of the European peasant and later extended to traditions preserved orally in all societies

(Wolford's preferred definition #1) : expressive culture; all the behavior and products of expressive culture

(Wolford's preferred definition #2) : artistic communication in small groups

394

folkloristics

the study of folklore (as linguistics is the study of language)

394

myth

A sacred narrative explaining how the world came to be in its present form

396

legends

stories told as true and set in the post-creation period

397

epics

long oral narratives, sometimes in poetry or rhythmic prose, recounting the glorious events in the life of a real or legendary person

398

tale

A creative narrative recognized as fiction for entertainment

398

motif

A story situation in a folktale

(Wolford's preferred definition) : the smallest element in a traditional expression

400

ethnomusicology

the study of a society's music in terms of its cultural setting

402

tonality

in music, scale systems and their modifications

410

entoptic phenomena

bright, pulsating geometric forms the central nervous system generates and "seen" in trace states

410

construal

in the second stage of trance, the process the brain uses when trying to "make sense" of entoptic images

411

iconic images

hallucinations of people, animals, and monsters "seen" in the deepest trance stage

aesthetics

(Wolford's definition) : the rules by which beauty and pleasure is to be evaluated in a culture

aesthetic experience

(Wolford's definition) : the pleasure we feel when we recognized something as beautiful

aesthetic locus

(Wolford's definition) : the area of a culture to which a society devotes its aesthetic effort