Page Number In Haviland
|
Anthropological Term
|
Anthropological Definition
|
|
|
|
|
364
|
religion
|
organized beliefs in the supernatural that rationalize
rituals aimed at interpreting and controlling aspects of theuniverse otherwise
beyond human control
|
366
|
polytheism
|
belief in several gods and/or goddesses (as contrasted
with monotheism—belief in one god or goddess)
|
366
|
pantheon
|
the several gods and goddesses of a people
|
368
|
animism
|
a belief in spirit beings thought to animate nature
|
369
|
animatism
|
a belief that the world is animated by impersonal
supernatural powers
|
370
|
priest or priestess
|
a full-time religious specialist
|
371
|
shaman
|
A part-time religious specialist whose special power
to contact and manipulate supernatural beings and forces in an altered
state of consciousness comes to him or her through some personal experience
|
374
|
rites of passage
|
rituals, often religious in nature, marking important
stages in the lives of individuals, such as birth, marriage, and death
|
374
|
rites of intensification
|
religious rituals enacted during a group's real or
potential crisis
|
374
|
separation
|
in rites of passage, the ritual removal or the individual
from society
|
374
|
transition
|
in rites of passage, isolation of the individual
following separation and prior to incorporation into society
|
374
|
incorporation
|
in rites of passage, reincorporation of the individual
into society in his or her new status
|
378
|
imitative [or sympathetic]
magic
|
magic based on the principle that like produces like
|
378
|
contagious magic
|
magic based on the principle that things once in
contact can influence one another after separation
|
378
|
witchcraft
|
an explanation of events based on the belief certain
individuals possess an innate, psychic power capable of causing harm, including
sickness and death; also includes beliefs and practices of benevolent magic
|
382
|
divination
|
a magical procedure for determining the cause of
a particular event, such as illness, or foretelling the future
|
385
|
revitalization movements
|
social movements, often of a religious nature, with
the purpose of totally reforming a society
|
