From here
we went into the Acropolis. Here we saw two temples – the Parthenon
and the Erectheium. The former is on the center of the Acropolis, the
highest point in Athens. It was built under the administration of Pericles.
His temple was called one of the wonders of the world. The temple of Nike
Apteron or wingless victory was beautiful all of its statues had wings.
The Erechtheium was the most revered of all the sanctuaries of Athens
and was closely connected with the legends of Attica. It was situated
to the North of the Parthenon. The form differs from every other known
example of a Grecian temple. Usually a Grecian temple was an oblong figure
with two porticos, one at its eastern and the other at its western end.
This had three, the eastern, northern and southern. The roof of the latter
was supported by six caryatid or columns of which the shafts represented
young maidens in long draperies. The temple of Theseus or Thessum was
the most perfect architectural relic of all antiquity. This temple was
built 460 B.C. over the bones of Theseus. This hill was the platform of
Demosthenes, Pericles, Themistocles and others. The Pnyx was the place
of Parliament where all state questions were decided. The Propylaca was
the building of all others most admired by the Greeks themselves, it was
constructed of Pentilic marble. It covered the whole western end of the
Acropolis. It consisted of a flight of about 60 steps, 71 feet in width
leading up to a portico 69 ft. broad, having six fluted Doric columns
five feet in diameter and 29 ft. high. Its eastern portico was destroyed
by an explosion in 1656, that of the western in 1680. The Arcopagus was
west of the Acropolis. It was so called because Mars was the first person
here tried for the murder of ________. Upon this Hill, better known as
Mars Hill, the great Acaopagite Council sat in the open air, but its chief
interest is its connection with the acts of St. Paul. From here he preached
to the Athenians, reproving them for idolatrous worship. The Horologium
of Andronicus or the tower of the winds was built by the astronomer, whose
name it bears, to act as a measure of time, both by the sun dial on the
exterior and the water clock in the interior of the building. It is an
elegant structure consisting of an octagon 44 feet high with a conical
roof of curious construction. Four of the sides form very accurately the
cardinal points. On the summit was a Triton, having a wand in his hand,
pointing to the name of the wind which blow on each of the eight fans
of the octagon. The name of that wind is engraved to which the face is
opposed and a winged figure sculptures in relief bearing the characters
of the weather with which it is usually attended.
The second day we were in Athens we made an excursion
to Mt. Pentilicus, the distance is said to be twenty miles. We took carriages
and horses, being a party of nine or ten and reached the foot of the mountain
in an hour or two. The ascent was not steep, but very long. As we reached
one summit there would be another hill in view. Our road was for some
extent over beds of beautiful white marble and crystallized rock. We rested
about half way at a cave or grotto where we got some beautiful crystals.
We passed several marble quarries, one from which the Parthenon was obtained.
Upon reaching the summit our Consul pointed out to us the plains of Attica
and Marathon and the Bay of Salamis where the great battles were fought;
also Mts. Parnes, Parnassus, and Olympus. When we took lunch a boy brought
us some honey from a convent nearby. Hymottus is still noted for its honey.
While in Athens, we visited the School of Rev.
Mr. and Mrs. Hill, who have lived there thirty-six years. Through an American,
he is the British Chaplain here. Some of the Maids of Honor of the Queen
were educated by them. We saw children of the higher and lower classes,
all of whom appeared very bright. We saw them embroidering and sewing
which they did very neatly. Dr. Hill gave us an account of the Maid of
Athens made famous by Byron – said that she was not a myth as some
had supposed, but is still living. She was only 11 years old when Byron
met her, he having lived in her father’s house, there being no khans
at that time. In speaking of the present King George of Denmark, he said
he did not know what he would become – that he was a mere boy and
thought more of pleasure and sports that anything else. One of his chief
amusements was playing on a hurity gurity. Modern Athens is a beautiful
city. We have spent three days very pleasantly.
We arrived in Constantinople on the 11th and have
rooms in Pera, the European section of the city. Came into the city on
the 12th of May. After breakfast we spent the day in the shops and bazaars,
which we found very attractive. Nora bought a muslin dress - $17.00.
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