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American Studies
The Gettysburg Address Socratic Dialogue
| Essential Question: Why is this speech considered to be one of America’s defining documents, a cornerstone of American expression of the nation's ideals, mission, and patriotism? |
| What is the purpose of the Socratic Seminar? | ||||
| • To motivate scholarly discourse based on an essential question. | ||||
| • To create an essential question that raises multiple perspectives and responses | ||||
| • To engage students in civil conversation encouraging them
to listen to different interpretations of the same text—an interpretation supported by evidence in the text. |
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| • To encourage higher order thinking; (including analysis of a text, synthesis of ideas, evaluation of concepts, and inferential reasoning) | ||||
| • To develop speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills | ||||
| Vocabulary in Gettysburg Address: | ||||
| • Students need to educate themselves on unfamiliar vocabulary | ||||
| • Students should track their new found vocabulary within the resources. | ||||
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| Scaffolding for the Gettysburg Seminar | |
| • Students need to have knowledge of the subject and contextualization of the time and subject | |
| • Have students do their own study and/or research on the topic to help them get grounded in the content. | |
| Important Supporting Document: | |
| Declaration of Independence, The Constitution, The Second Inaugural Address, The Emancipation Proclamation | |
| Content Questions: Gettysburg | |
| Where is Lincoln giving this address? | |
| According to Lincoln, to what proposition is the new nation dedicated? | |
| What is the war testing? | |
| What “unfinished work” remains before us? | |
| Describe a new birth of freedom. | |
Supporting Documents |
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| The Gettysburg Address (July, 3, 1863) | |
| Library of Congress Exhibit on the Gettysburg Address | |
| Gettysburg Address | |
| The Gettysburg Address: Ken Burns (Video) | |
| Context for the Gettysburg Address | |
| Declaration of Independence, (1776) | |
| U. S. History Organization Declaration (text and image, rough drafts, etc…) | |
| U.S. History Organization: Declaration—History, signers, etc… | |
| Declaration from Government Archives | |
| The Constitution, (1787) | |
| Constitution from Cornell Law School (Hypertext of the document) | |
| The U. S. Constitution Online | |
| The Emancipation Proclamation, (January 1, 1863) | |
| The Emancipation Proclamation | |
| The Emancipation Proclamation: Ken Burns (video) | |
| National Archives: The Emancipation Proclamation (Featured Document) | |
| President Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address (March 4, 1865) | |
Lincoln/Net presents historical materials from Abraham Lincoln's Illinois years (1830-1861), including Lincoln's writings and speeches, as well as other materials illuminating antebellum Illinois. |
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Important American Documents |
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| Our Documents: 100 Important Milestone Documents | |
| The following is a list of 100 milestone documents, compiled by the National Archives and Records Administration, and drawn primarily from its nationwide holdings. The documents chronicle United States history from 1776 to 1965. | |
| Archives of Important Documents 1800-1899 | |
| Other U.S. Documents—Mayflower Compact, I Have a Dream Speech, etc… | |
| National Archives Exhibits | |
American Rhetoric: The Power of Oratory in the United States |
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This is a great archive of speeches from all aspects of American culture—politics, movies, and religion. |
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| Top 100 American Speeches of the 20th Century | |
| Jefferson Davis’ Farewell Address: 1861 | |
Mr. Davis made, on 10 December 1860, a speech in which he carefully distinguished between independence, which the states had achieved at great cost, and the Union, which had cost " little time, little money, and no blood," taking his old state rights position. |
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Resolutions on the Relations of the States, February 2, 1860 |
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Reply to William H. Seward, February 29, 1860 |
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| The South | |
| The Southern Homefront 1861-1865 | |
| The Civil War in Four Minutes | |
| The Making of the Civil War in 4 Minutes Map | |
| Harper’s Weekly Original Civil War Newspapers 1861-1865 | |
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