Political Science 3300     
The American Presidency       Wednesday,  October 29, 2008

The President and Congress

1. Things the President Needs to Know About Congress

A. Congress is essential for your success

It Controls Money & People

B. Winning reelection and serving constituents is crucial for
Congressional incumbents

C. Members of Congress take a more short-term, parochial view than a president.

D. Congress is hard to lead

    E. Congress expects the president to set the big agenda, including budgets ...
        but they'll make the final decisions themselves, thank you very much.

2. How Can You Get Congress to Cooperate with You?

   a. Help them win Reelection and Serve their Constituents

    b. Set the agenda

    c. Use the veto and the veto threat as needed

d. Be popular

    e. Be from the same party the majorities represent

    f. Get some help from the leaders

3. Presidential Success in Congress: The Record

       Different ways to score presidential success

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The President and the Bureaucracy 

1. Things the President Needs to Know About the Bureaucracy

    a. It's big and complicated 

    b. Administrators have power because they have expertise and discretion

    c. Civil Service makes it hard to control the people who work for you

    d. Bureaus have Allies

    e. The Problem of Communication

    f. You need the bureaucracy to succeed.

2. How have presidents tried to control the bureaucracy?

    The Cabinet

            Richard Nixon's effort to use Cabinet Government

            George W. Bush and the Cabinet

    The Growing role of vice-presidents

         Richard Cheney

    The President's Bureaucracy: The Executive Office of the President

       The White House Staff

       The Bureau of the Budget / Office of Management and Budget

      The National Security Council

   President Bush's Struggle to Exercise more Control