Overview of Neurotransmitters (NTs)

 

"Family"

Name

Acronym

Name of tract

# of receptor

subtypes

Names of

receptors

Ionotropic or

metabotropic?

Acetylcholine Acetylcholine Ach Cholinergic 2 major

subtypes

(each with

multiple sub-

types)

muscarinic

nicotinic

Mus = metabotropic

(i.e. uses 2nd

messengers);

Nic = ionotropic

Monoamine:

Catecholamine

Norepinephrine NE Adrenergic 2 major; ea.

2 subtypes

Alpha 1&2

Beta 1&2

All metabotropic
Monamine:

Catecholamine

Dopamine DA Dopaminergic 5 subtypes;

2 superfamilies

DA 1,5

DA 2,3,4

All metabotropic
Monoamine:

Indoleamine

Serotonin 5-Ht Serotonergic 7 subtypes 5-Ht 1-7 All metabotropic

Except 5-Ht3 =

ionotropic

Amino Acid

(Inhibitory)

gamma

aminobutyric

acid

GABA GABAergic 2 major

subtypes

GABA A & B GABA A =

ionotropic,

although a

receptor complex

(BZ, barbiturate,

or alcohol sites);

GABA B =

metabotropic

Amino Acid

(Excitatory)

Glutamate

(or glutamic

acid)

E.A.A. Glutaminergic 5 subtypes NMDA, kainic

acid, and 3

others

All ionotropic

except 5th =

metabotropic

Neuropeptide Endogenous

Opiates

b -Endorphin Opioid 3 major

subtypes

Mu, Delta,

Kappa

May be

ionotropic or

metabotropic

 

Other Candidates Origins (?) Examples
Other NTs Ubiquitous Glycine, histamine & nitric acid gas
Other Neuropeptides Pituitary Vasopressin & Oxytocin
Other Neuropeptides Visceral Neuropeptide Y, Substance P, CCK &

somatostatin