Appendix I.  Taxa included.  For each data set, species name, voucher, and reference are listed, as well as GenBank Accession numbers for gene sequences.  EK = Elizabeth Kellogg; HPL = Peter Linder; JID = Jerrold Davis; LC = Lynn Clark; NPB = Nigel Barker; PMP = Paul Peterson; RJS = Robert Soreng; SJ = Surrey Jacobs; WZ = Weiping Zhang; XL = Ximena Londoño; BBG = Berlin Botanic Garden; BHC = L. H. Bailey Hortorium Conservatory; FTG = Fairchild Tropical Garden; NTBG = National Tropical Botanical Garden (Hawaii); PI = USDA Plant Introduction Station (Pullman, Washington) as source of seed.

 

ndhF

 

 

Genus

species

voucher

reference

GenBank #

Flagellaria

indica L.

LC & WZ 1305 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U22007

Elegia

stipularis Mast.

Eldenas 2 (BOL)

this paper

AF251443

Baloskion

tetraphyllum (Labill.) B. G. Briggs & L.A. S. Johnson

Kew-6565-1977 (BH)

this paper

AF251444

Joinvillea

ascendens Gaudich. ex Brongn. & Gris.

NTBG-800379  (living)

Clark et al., 1995

U21973

Anomochloa

marantoidea Brongn.

LC 1299 (ISC)

Clark et al., 1995

U21991

Streptochaeta

angustifolia Soderstr.

LC 1304 (ISC)

Clark et al., 1995

U21982

Pharus

latifolius L.

LC 1302 (ISC)

Clark et al., 1995

U21992

Guaduella

marantifolia Franch.

Kobayashi et al. 1539 (ISC)

Clark et al., 2000

AF164777

Puelia

ciliata Franch.

Kobayashi et al. 1541 (ISC)

Clark et al., 2000

AF164779

Eremitis

sp.  nov.

LC & WZ 1343 (ISC)

Zhang & Clark, 2000

AF182353

Pariana

radiciflora Sagot ex Döll

LC & WZ 1344 (ISC)

Zhang & Clark, 2000

AF182354

Lithachne

humilis Soderstr.

LC 1298 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21977

Olyra

latifolia L.

XL & LC 911 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21971

Buergersiochloa

bambusoides Pilg.

Dransfield 1382 (K)

Zhang & Clark, 2000

AF182341

Arundinaria

gigantea (Walter) Muhl.

WZ 8400703 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21846

Chusquea

latifolia L.G. Clark

LC & XL 417 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21989

Streptogyna

americana C. E. Hubb.

Pohl and Davidse 12310 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21965

Ehrharta

calycina Sm.

NPB s.n. (BOL)

Clark et al. 1995

U21995

Oryza

sativa L.

Sugiura 1989

Clark et al. 1995

X15901

Leersia

virginica Willd.

LC 1316 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21974

Phaenosperma

globosum Munro ex Benth.

LC 1292 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U22005

Brachyelytrum

erectum (Schreb.) P. Beauv.

LC 1330 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U22004

Lygeum

spartum L.

RJS 3698 (BH)

this paper

AF251445

Nardus

stricta L.

BBG: Royl & Schiers s.n. 1988 (B)

this paper

AF251446

Anisopogon

avenaceus R. Br.

HPL 5590 (BOL)

this paper

AF251447

Ampelodesmos

mauritanica (Poir.) T. Durand & Schinz

BBG: Royl & Schiers s.n. 1988 (B)

this paper

AF251448

Stipa

barbata Desf.

PI-229468 (BH)

this paper

AF251449

Nassella

viridula (Trin.) Barkworth

PI-387938 (BH)

this paper

AF251450

Oryzopsis (=Piptatherum)

racemosa (Sm.) Ricker ex Hitchc.

LC & WZ 1288 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21924

Brachypodium

distachyon (L.) P. Beauv.

PI-422452 (BH)

this paper

AF251451

Melica

altisssima L.

PI-325418 (BH)

this paper

AF251452

Glyceria

striata (Lam.) Hitchc.

JID & RJS s.n. (BH)

this paper

AF251453

Diarrhena

obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg

LC & WZ 1216 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21998

Avena

sativa L.

material from R. Wise (ISU)

Clark et al. 1995

U22000

Bromus

inermis Leyss.

PI-314071 (BH)

this paper

AF251454

Hordeum

vulgare L.

material from R. Wise (ISU)

Clark et al. 1995

U22003

Aristida

purpurea Nutt. var. longiseta (Steud.) Vasey ex Rothr.

Gabel 2700 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21966

Stipagrostis

zeyheri (Nees) DeWinter

NPB 1133 (BOL)

this paper

AF251455

Amphipogon

strictus R. Br.

HPL 5634 (BOL)

this paper

AF251456

Arundo

donax L.

LC s.n. (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21997

Molinia

caerulea  (L.) Moench

LC 1165 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21994

Phragmites

australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

LC 1294 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21996

Merxmuellera

macowanii (Stapf) Conert

NPB 1008 (BOL)

this paper

AF251457

Karroochloa

purpurea (L.f.) Conert & Türpe

HPL 5360 (BOL)

this paper

AF251458

Danthonia

californica Bolander

PI-232247 (BH)

this paper

AF251459

Austrodanthonia

laevis (Vickery) H.P. Linder

HPL 5633 (BOL)

this paper

AF251460

Merxmuellera

rangei (Pilg.) Conert

NPB 960 (GRA)

this paper

AF251461

Centropodia

glauca (Nees) Copt

NPB 967 (BOL)

this paper

AF251462

Eragrostis

curvula (Schrad.) Nees

LC 1303 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21988

Uniola

paniculata L.

JID s.n. (BH)

this paper

AF251463

Zoysia

matrella (L.) Merr.

LC 1174 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21975

Distichlis

spicata (L.) E. Green ssp. stricta (Torr.) R. F. Thorne

Allred s.n. (BH)

this paper

AF251464

Pappophorum

bicolor E. Fourn.

Pohl 12464 (ISC)

this paper

AF352581

Spartina

pectinata Link

LaDuke s.n. (BH)

this paper

AF251465

Sporobolus

indicus (L.) R. Br.

LC 1293 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21983

Micraira

lazaridis L.G. Clark, Wendel & Craven

LC 1157 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21972

Thysanolaena

maxima (Roxb.) Kuntze

FTG (living)

Clark et al. 1995

U21984

Gynerium

sagittatum (Aubl.) P. Beauv.

LC & P. Asimbaya 1472 (ISC)

this paper

AF251466

Chasmanthium

laxum (L.) H. O. Yates

D. Lewis s.n. (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U27296

Zeugites

pittieri Hack.

LC 1171 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21987

Danthoniopsis

petiolata (J. B. Phipps) Clayton

LC 1173 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U22008

Panicum

virgatum L.

LC 1164 (ISC)

Clark et al. 1995

U21986

Pennisetum

alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.

RJS s.n. (BH)

this paper

AF251467

Miscanthus

japonicus Andersson

Arnold Arboretum 301-80c (living)

Spangler et al., 1999

AF117417

Zea

mays L. cv. ‘B73’

material from M. Lee (ISU)

Clark et al. 1995

U21985

 

 

 

rbcL

 

 

Genus

species

voucher

reference

GenBank #

 

Flagellaria

indica

Chase 206 (NCU)

Chase et al., 1993

L12678

 

Elegia

capensis (Burm. f.) Schelpe

Chase 209 (NCU)

Duvall & Morton 1996

L12675

 

Baloskion

tetraphyllum

no voucher

Katiyama & Ogihara 1996

D38296

 

Joinvillea

plicata (Hook. f.) Newell & B. C. Stone

Thren 84 (NO)

Duvall & Morton, 1996

L01471

 

Anomochloa

marantoidea

LC 1299 (ISC)

Duvall & Morton, 1996

AF021875

 

Guaduella

marantifolia

Kobayashi et al. 1539 (ISC)

Clark et al., 2000

AF164778

 

Puelia

ciliata

Kobayashi et al. 1541 (ISC)

Clark et al., 2000

AF164780

 

Lithachne

humilis

LC s.n. (ISC)

Duvall & Morton, 1996

U13231

 

Bambusa

multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult. & Schult. f.

Sanders 62-616 (UCR)

Duvall & Morton, 1996

M91626

 

Chusquea

circinata  Soderstr. & C. Calderón

Quail Botanic Garden (living)

Duvall & Morton, 1996

U13227

 

Oryza

sativa

no voucher

Nishizawa & Hirai, 1987

D00207

 

Leersia

oryzoides (L.) Sw.

LC s.n. (ISC)

Duvall & Morton, 1996

U13228

 

Stipa

dregeana Steud. var. dregeana

McDowell s.n. (BOL)

Barker et al. 1995

 

 

Avena

sativa

no voucher

Duvall et al., 1993

L15300

 

Bromus

inermis Leyss.

no voucher

Seberg & Linde-Laursen, 1996

Z49836

 

Hordeum

vulgare

no voucher

Zurawski et al., 1984

X00630

 

Aristida

congesta Roem. & Schult.

NPB 1130 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31359

 

Stipagrostis

zeyheri

NPB 1133 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31378

 

Amphipogon

strictus

HPL 5634 (BOL)

Barker, 1997

U88403

 

Arundo

donax

NPB 1131 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31360

 

Moliniopsis

japonica (Hack.) Hayata

Kobayashi 1253

Barker et al., 1995

U31439

 

Phragmites

australis

NPB 1132 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U29900

 

Merxmuellera

macowanii

NPB 1008 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31438

 

Karroochloa

purpurea

HPL 5360 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31437

 

Danthonia

spicata  (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.

EK V10 (GH)

Barker et al., 1995

U31102

 

Centropodia

glauca

HPL 5410  (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31100

 

Eragrostis

capensis (Thunb.) Trin.

NPB 1135 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31104

 

Enneapogon

scaber Lehm.

NPB 1023 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1995

U31103

 

Eriachne

triodioides Domin

EK s.n. (GH)

this paper

AF352580

 

Thysanolaena

maxima

Kew 1979-3225 Warr  (living)

Barker et al., 1995

U31380

 

Gynerium

sagittatum

Kew 1991-1276 Kall (living)

Barker et al., 1995

U31105

 

Chasmanthium

latifolium (Michx.) H. O. Yates

Snow 5944

Barker et al., 1995

U31101

 

Pennisetum

glaucum (L.) R. Br.

no voucher

Doebley et al., 1990

L14623

 

Sorghum

bicolor (L.) Moench

no voucher

Lou et al., 1989

1515164A

 

Zea

mays

no voucher

Gaut et al., 1992

Z11973

 

 

 

rpoC2

 

 

Genus

species

voucher

reference

GenBank #

Joinvillea

plicata

no voucher

Barker et al., 1999

AF001864

Olyra

latifolia

HPL 5742  (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U90825

Bambusa

vulgaris Schrad. ex J. C. Wendl.

Durban Botanic Garden (living)

Barker et al., 1999

U90824

Ehrharta

dura Nees ex Trin.

NPB 1118 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

AF064761

Oryza 

sativa

no voucher

Hiratsuka et al., 1989

X15901

Lygeum

spartum

Kew (living)

Cummings et al., 1994

L25381

Nardus

stricta

Kew (living)

Cummings et al., 1994

L25382

Anisopogon

avenaceus

HPL 5590 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U92263

Stipa

dregeana

McDowell s.n. (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U90826

Briza

maxima L.

EK s.n. (GH)

Cummings et al., 1994

L25376

Bromus

tectorum L.

EK s.n. (GH)

Cummings et al., 1994

L25377

Aristida

congesta Roem. & Schult. ssp. barbicollis (Trin. & Rupr.) DeWinter

NPB 1130  (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U90827

Stipagrostis

zeyheri ssp. zeyheri

NPB 1133 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U90828

Amphipogon

strictus

HPL 5634 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U94335

Arundo

donax

NPB 1131  (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U92264

Moliniopsis

japonica

Kobayashi 1253

Barker et al., 1999

U95081

Phragmites

australis

NPB 1132  (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U95130

Merxmuellera

macowanii

NPB 1008 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U95076

 

Karroochloa

purpurea

HPL 5360 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U94824

 

Danthonia

spicata

EK V10 (GH)

Barker et al., 1999

U93362

 

Austrodanthonia

laevis

HPL 5633 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U96313

 

Merxmuellera

rangei

NPB 960 (GRA)

Barker et al., 1999

U95077

 

Centropodia

glauca

HPL 5410 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U92265

 

Eragrostis

capensis

NPB 1135 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U96317

Enneapogon

scaber

NPB 1023 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999

U96319

Spartina

alterniflora

EK s.n. (GH)

Cummings et al., 1994

L25386

Micraira

lazaridis

LC 1157 (ISC)

Barker et al., 1999

U96318

Thysanolaena

maxima

Kew, 1979-3225 Warr (living)

Barker et al., 1999

U96315

Gynerium

sagittatum

Kew, 1991-1276 Kall (living)

Barker et al., 1999

U94392

Chasmanthium

latifolium

Snow 5944

Barker et al., 1999

U94334

Panicum

maximum Jacq.

NPB 1125 (BOL)

Barker et al., 1999.

AF000021

Pennisetum

sp.

no voucher

Cummings et al., 1994

L25383

Sorghum

bicolor

no voucher

Chen et al., 1993

Z14983

Zea

mays

no voucher

Igloi et al., 1990

X86563

 

 

 

phytochrome B

 

 

Genus

species

voucher

reference

GenBank #

 

Flagellaria

indica

RJS 77 394 (BH)

Mathews & Sharrock, 1996

U61203

 

Joinvillea

ascendens

Moore 10438 (NY)

Mathews & Sharrock, 1996

U61205

 

Anomochloa

marantoidea

LC 1299 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137291

 

Streptochaeta

angustifolia

LC 1304 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137328

 

Pharus

lappulaceus Aubl.

LC 1329 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137321

 

Puelia

ciliata

Kobayashi et al. 1541 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137324

 

Eremitis

sp. nov.

LC & WZ 1343 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137304

 

Pariana

radiciflora

LC & WZ 1344 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137317

 

Lithachne

pauciflora (Sw.) P. Beauv.

LC 1297  (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137307

 

Olyra

latifolia

XL & LC 911 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137315

 

Buergersiochloa

bambusoides.

Dransfield 1382 (K)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137295

 

Pseudosasa

japonica (Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud) Makino ex Nakai

EK V6 (A)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137323

 

Chusquea

oxylepis (Hack.) Ekman

LC 1069 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137298

 

Streptogyna

americana

Johnston 433

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137329

 

Ehrharta

erecta Lam.

EK V44 (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137302

 

Oryza 

sativa

no voucher

Dehesh et al., 1991

X57563

 

Lygeum

spartum

RJS 3698 (BH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137309

 

Nardus

stricta

BBG: Royl & Schiers s.n.

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137313

 

Anisopogon

avenaceus

HPL 5590 (BOL)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137290

 

Nassella

viridula

Lavin s.n. (MONT)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137314

 

Brachypodium

pinnatum  (L.) P. Beauv.

PI-440176 (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137294

 

Melica

cupanii Guss.

PI-383702 (BH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137310

 

Glyceria

grandis S. Watson

JID & RJS s.n (BH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137305

 

Diarrhena

obovata

LC & WZ 1216 (ISC)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137301

 

Phalaris

arundinacea L.

RJS 3427 (BH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137320

 

Bromus

inermis

Lavin s.n. (MONT)

Mathews et al., 2000

U61193

 

Triticum

aestivum L.

Mason-Gamer s.n. (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137331

 

Aristida

purpurea ssp. longiseta

Lavin s.n. (MONT)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137292

 

Molinia

caerulea

RJS 3305 (BH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137312

 

Phragmites

australis 

Keller, s.n. (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137322

 

Danthonia

spicata

EK V10 (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137299

 

Eragrostis

cilianensis (All.) Vignolo ex Janch.

Lavin s.n. (MONT)

Mathews et al., 2000

U61200

 

Sporobolus

giganteus Nash

PMP 10008 (US)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137327

 

Thysanolaena

maxima

Farnsworth s.n. (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137330

 

Chasmanthium

latifolium

EK V13 (A)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137297

 

Danthoniopsis

dinteri  (Pilg.) C. E. Hubb.

PI-207548 (GH)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137300

 

Panicum

capillare L.

Lavin s.n. (MONT)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137316

 

Pennisetum

alopecuroides

EK s.n. (A)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137318

 

Miscanthus

japonicus 

Arnold Arboretum 301-80C (living)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137311

 

Zea

mays

Lavin s.n. (MONT)

Mathews et al., 2000

AF137332

 

 

 

chloroplast restriction site polymorphisms

 

 

Genus

species

voucher

reference

Flagellaria

indica

BHC-77394

Soreng & Davis 1998

Baloskion

tetraphyllum

Kew-6565-1977 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Joinvillea

ascendens

NTBG-800379

(H. Moore 10438)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Anomochloa

marantoidea

LC 1299 (ISC)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Streptochaeta

sodiroana Hack.

PMP 9525 (US)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Pharus

latifolius

BHC from USZ

Davis & Soreng 1993

Eremitis

sp.

USNHG-153, Soderstrom 2182 (US) or USNHG-286 (US)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Lithachne

humilis

BHC from U. S. National Zoological Gardens

Davis & Soreng 1993

Olyra

latifolia

PMP 7311 (US)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Pseudosasa

japonica

BHC-71467

Davis & Soreng 1993

Chusquea

aff. subulata L. G. Clark

PMP 9499 (US)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Ehrharta

calycina

PI-208983 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Oryza 

sativa

no voucher

Hiratsuka et al. 1989

Leersia

virginica

RJS 3399 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Brachyelytrum

erectum

RJS 3427 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Lygeum

spartum

RJS 3698 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Nardus

stricta

BBG: seed from Royl & Schiers s.n. 1988, Hempel s.n. 1987 (B)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Anisopogon

avenaceus

HPL 5590 (BOL)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Ampelodesmos

mauritanica

BBG: Royl & Schiers s.n. 1988 (B)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Stipa

barbata

PI-229468 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Nassella

viridula

PI-387938 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Piptatherum

miliaceum (L.) Coss.

PI-284145 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Brachypodium

pinnatum

PI-440170 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Melica

altissima

PI-325418 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Glyceria

striata

JID & RJS s.n. (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Diarrhena

obovata

seed from Tiedye 5186 (DAO)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Avena

barbata Pott ex Link

no voucher

Soreng & Davis 1998

Bromus

inermis

RJS 3428 (BH), PI-314071 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Triticum

aestivum L. cv. ‘Susquehanna’

RJS s.n. (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Aristida

purpurea

Allred s.n. (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Amphipogon

strictus

HPL 5634 (BOL)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Arundo

donax

FTG-83-130 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Molinia

caerulea

RJS 3305 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Phragmites

australis

RJS 3884 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Danthonia

californica

PI-232247 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Eragrostis

curvula

PI-365034 (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Uniola

paniculata

JID s.n. (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Zoysia

sp.

JID s.n. (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Distichlis

spicata ssp. stricta

Allred s.n. (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Spartina

pectinata

LaDuke s.n. (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Sporobolus

giganteus

PMP 10008 (US)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Chasmanthium

latifolium

Cornell University  gardens (living)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Panicum

virgatum

USDA 421520 (BH)

Soreng & Davis 1998

Pennisetum

alopecuroides

RJS s.n. (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

Miscanthus

sinensis Andersson var. gracillimus Hitchc.

RJS s.n. (BH)

Davis & Soreng 1993

 

 

 

ITS

 

 

Genus

species

voucher

reference

GenBank #

Joinvillea

plicata

Wilson 7126

Hsiao et al., 1999

AF019784

Streptochaeta

sodiroana

PMP & Annable 9525 (US)

Hsiao et al., 1999

AF019785

Pharus

latifolius

PMP & Annable 6944 (US)

Hsiao et al., 1999