Access to THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 provided courtesy of
the libraries of the University of Missouri-St. Louis.
======================================================
National Trade Data Bank
ITEM ID     : CI WOFACT WO0042
DATE        : Oct 28, 1994
 
AGENCY      : CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PROGRAM     : WORLD FACTBOOK
TITLE       : World Factbook: Burundi
 
Source key      : CI 
Program key     : CI WOFACT 
Update sched.   : Annually         
Data type       : TEXT 
End year        : 1994
Date of record  : 19941020
Keywords 3      :  
Keywords 3      : | Burundi 
 
 
                                  Burundi
 
 
                                 Geography
 
Location:
     Central Africa, between Tanzania and Zaire
Map references:
     Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
     27,830 sq km
land area:
     25,650 sq km
comparative area:
     slightly larger than Maryland
Land boundaries:
     total 974 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km, Zaire 233 km
Coastline:
     0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
     none; landlocked
International disputes:
     none
Climate:
     temperate; warm; occasional frost in uplands
Terrain:
     mostly rolling to hilly highland; some plains
Natural resources:
     nickel, uranium, rare earth oxide, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not
     yet exploited), vanadium
Land use:
arable land:
     43%
permanent crops:
     8%
meadows and pastures:
     35%
forest and woodland:
     2%
other:
     12%
Irrigated land:
     720 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
     soil exhaustion and erosion; deforestation; habitat loss threatening
     wildlife populations
natural hazards:
     NA
international agreements:
     party to - Endangered Species; signed, but not ratified -
     Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Note:
     landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed
 
 
                                  People
 
Population:
     6,124,747 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
     2.26% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
     44.02 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
     21.38 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
     0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
     113.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
     40.3 years
male:
     38.31 years
female:
     42.35 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
     6.69 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
     Burundian(s)
adjective:
Ethnic divisions:
Africans:
     Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1% (other Africans
     include about 70,000 refugees, mostly Rwandans and Zairians)
non-Africans:
     Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000
Religions:
     Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs
     32%, Muslim 1%
Languages:
     Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika
     and in the Bujumbura area)
Literacy:
     age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
     50%
male:
     61%
female:
     40%
Labor force:
     1.9 million (1983 est.)
by occupation:
     agriculture 93.0%, government 4.0%, industry and commerce 1.5%,
     services 1.5%
note:
     52% of population of working age (1985)
 
 
 
                                Government
 
Names:
conventional long form:
     Republic of Burundi
conventional short form:
local long form:
     Republika y'u Burundi
local short form:
Digraph:
     BY
Type:
     republic
Capital:
     Bujumbura
Administrative divisions:
     15 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega,
     Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Ngozi, Rutana,
     Ruyigi
Independence:
     1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)
National holiday:
     Independence Day, 1 July (1962)
Constitution:
     13 March 1992; provides for establishment of a plural political system
Legal system:
     based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not
     accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
     universal adult at age NA
Executive branch:
chief of state:
     Interim President Sylvestre NTIBANTUNGANYA, Speaker of the National
     Assembly, succeeded deceased President NTARYAMIRA in early April 1994
     with a mandate for at least 90 days; on 11 July 1994 the mandate was
     extended by the Constitutional Court for three more months at the
     request of 12 political parties locked in negotiations on a new
     broad-based government; elections will be held later in 1994
note:
     President Melchior NDADAYE died in the military coup of 21 October
     1993 and was succeeded on 5 February 1994 by President Cyprien
     NTARYAMIRA, who was killed in a mysterious airplane explosion on 6
     April 1994
head of government:
     Prime Minister Anatole KANYENKIKO (since 7 February 1994); chosen by
     the president
cabinet:
     Council of Ministers ; appointed by prime minister
Legislative branch:
     unicameral
 
 
National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale):
     elections last held 29 June 1993 (next to be held NA): results -
     FRODEBU 71%, UPRONA 21.4%; seats - (81 total) FRODIBU 65, UPRONA 16;
     other parties won too small shares of the vote to win seats in the
     assembly
note:
     The National Unity Charter outlining the principles for constitutional
     government was adopted by a national referendum on 5 February 1991
Judicial branch:
     Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)
Political parties and leaders:
     Unity for National Progress (UPRONA); Burundi Democratic Front
     (FRODEBU); Organization of the People of Burundi (RBP); Socialist
     Party of Burundi (PSB); People's Reconciliation Party (PRP)
Other political or pressure groups:
     opposition parties legalized in March 1992; Burundi African Alliance
     for the Salvation (ABASA); Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social
     Development (RADDES)
Member of:
     ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO,
     IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, ITU,
     LORCS, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
     Ambassador Jacques BACAMURWANKO, designated (January 1994)
chancery:
     Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007
telephone:
     (202) 342-2574
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
     (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Leonard J. LANGE
embassy:
     Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura
mailing address:
     B. P. 34, 1720, Bujumbura
telephone:
     [257] (223) 454
FAX:
     [257] (222) 926
Flag:
     divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and
     green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk
     superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars
     outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two
     stars below)
 
                                  Economy
 
 
Overview:
     A landlocked, resource-poor country in an early stage of economic
     development, Burundi is predominately agricultural with only a few
     basic industries. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop,
     which accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to
     pay for imports therefore continues to rest largely on the vagaries of
     the climate and the international coffee market. As part of its
     economic reform agenda, launched in February 1991 with IMF and World
     Bank support, Burundi is trying to diversify its agricultural exports
     and attract foreign investment in industry. Several state-owned coffee
     companies were privatized via public auction in September 1991.
National product:
     GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $4.4 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
     -3.8% (1991)
National product per capita:
     $700 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
     4.7% (1992 est.)
Unemployment rate:
     NA%
Budget:
revenues:
     $318 million
expenditures:
     $326 million, including capital expenditures of $150 million (1991
     est.)
Exports:
     $40.8 million (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
     coffee 81%, tea, cotton, hides, and skins
partners:
     EC 57%, US 19%, Asia 1%
Imports:
     $188 million (c.i.f., 1992 est.)
commodities:
     capital goods 31%, petroleum products 15%, foodstuffs, consumer goods
partners:
     EC 45%, Asia 29%, US 2%
External debt:
     $970 million (1991)
Industrial production:
     growth rate 11% (1991 est.); accounts for about 15% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
     55,000 kW
production:
     105 million kWh
consumption per capita:
     20 kWh (1991)
Industries:
     light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of
     imported components; public works construction; food processing
 
 
Agriculture:
     accounts for 50% of GDP; 90% of population dependent on subsistence
     farming; marginally self-sufficient in food production; cash crops -
     coffee, cotton, tea; food crops - corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes,
     bananas, manioc; livestock - meat, milk, hides and skins
Economic aid:
recipient:
     US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $71 million; Western
     (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $10.2
     billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $32 million; Communist
     countries (1970-89), $175 million
Currency:
     1 Burundi franc (FBu) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates:
     Burundi francs (FBu) per US$1 - 247.94 (November 1993), 208.30 (1992),
     181.51 (1991), 171.26 (1990), 158.67 (1989), 140.40 (1988)
Fiscal year:
     calendar year
 
                              Communications
 
Highways:
total:
     6,285 km
paved:
     1,099 km
unpaved:
     gravel, crushed stone 2,500 km; improved, unimproved earth 2,686 km
     (1990)
Inland waterways:
     Lake Tanganyika
Ports:
     Bujumbura (lake port) connects to transportation systems of Tanzania
     and Zaire
Airports:
total:
     5
usable:
     3
with permanent-surface runways:
     1
with runways over 3,659 m:
     0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
     1
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
     0
Telecommunications:
     sparse system of wire, radiocommunications, and low-capacity microwave
     radio relay links; 8,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 2 AM, 2 FM,
     1 TV; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station
 
                              Defense Forces
 
 
Branches:
     Army (includes naval and air units), paramilitary Gendarmerie
Manpower availability:
     males age 15-49 1,315,660; fit for military service 687,474; reach
     military age (16) annually 67,949 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
     exchange rate conversion - $28 million, 3.7% of GDP (1989)
 
 
 
===========================================================================
This section of THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 produced by the United States
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was derived from the US Dept. of Commerce
Economics and Statistics Division's NATIONAL TRADE DATA BANK (NTDB) CD-ROM,
November, 1994, SuDoc No. C 1.88:994/11/v.1-2 / Presented by Raleigh Muns,
(srcmuns@umslvma.umsl.edu) University of Missouri-St. Louis Libraries.