Access to THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 provided courtesy of
the libraries of the University of Missouri-St. Louis.
======================================================
National Trade Data Bank
ITEM ID     : CI WOFACT WO0038
DATE        : Oct 28, 1994
 
AGENCY      : CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PROGRAM     : WORLD FACTBOOK
TITLE       : World Factbook: Brunei
 
Source key      : CI 
Program key     : CI WOFACT 
Update sched.   : Annually         
Data type       : TEXT 
End year        : 1994
Date of record  : 19941020
Keywords 3      :  
Keywords 3      : | Brunei 
 
 
                                  Brunei
 
 
                                 Geography
 
Location:
     Southeastern Asia, on the northern coast of Borneo almost completely
     surrounded by Malaysia
Map references:
     Asia, Oceania, Southeast Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
     5,770 sq km
land area:
     5,270 sq km
comparative area:
     slightly larger than Delaware
Land boundaries:
     total 381 km, Malysia 381 km
Coastline:
     161 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone:
     200 nm
territorial sea:
     12 nm
International disputes:
     may wish to purchase the Malaysian salient that divides the country;
     all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam;
     parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984,
     Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa
     Reef, but has not publicly claimed the island
Climate:
     tropical; hot, humid, rainy
Terrain:
     flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west
Natural resources:
     petroleum, natural gas, timber
Land use:
arable land:
     1%
permanent crops:
     1%
meadows and pastures:
     1%
forest and woodland:
     79%
other:
     18%
Irrigated land:
     10 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues:
     NA
international agreements:
     party to - Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution; signed, but not
     ratified - Law of the Sea
 
 
natural hazards:
     typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare
Note:
     close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and
     Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an
     enclave of Malaysia
 
                                  People
 
Population:
     284,653 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
     2.7% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
     26.18 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
     5.04 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
     5.81 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
     25.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
     71.1 years
male:
     69.46 years
female:
     72.78 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
     3.43 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
     Bruneian(s)
adjective:
     Bruneian
Ethnic divisions:
     Malay 64%, Chinese 20%, other 16%
Religions:
     Muslim (official) 63%, Buddhism 14%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs
     and other 15% (1981)
Languages:
     Malay (official), English, Chinese
Literacy:
     age 15 and over can read and write (1981)
total population:
     77%
male:
     85%
female:
     69%
Labor force:
     89,000 (includes members of the Army)
by occupation:
     government 47.5%, production of oil, natural gas, services, and
     construction 41.9%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 3.8% (1986)
 
 
note:
     33% of labor force is foreign (1988)
 
                                Government
 
Names:
conventional long form:
     Negara Brunei Darussalam
conventional short form:
Digraph:
     BX
Type:
     constitutional sultanate
Capital:
     Bandar Seri Begawan
Administrative divisions:
     4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and
     Muara, Temburong, Tutong
Independence:
     1 January 1984 (from UK)
National holiday:
     National Day 23 February (1984)
Constitution:
     29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of
     Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January
     1984)
Legal system:
     based on Islamic law
Suffrage:
     none
Executive branch:
chief of state and head of government:
     Sultan and Prime Minister His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji
     HASSANAL Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah (since 5 October 1967)
cabinet:
     Council of Cabinet Ministers; composed chiefly of members of the royal
     family
Legislative branch:
     unicameral
Legislative Council (Majlis Masyuarat Megeri):
     elections last held in March 1962; in 1970 the Council was changed to
     an appointive body by decree of the sultan; an elected legislative
     Council is being considered as part of constitution reform, but
     elections are unlikely for several years
Judicial branch:
     Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
     Brunei United National Party (inactive), Anak HASANUDDIN, chairman;
     Brunei National Democratic Party (the first legal political party and
     now banned), leader NA
Member of:
     APEC, ASEAN, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT, ICAO, IDB, IMO, INTELSAT
     (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM,
     OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, UNTAC, WHO, WMO
 
 
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
     Ambassador JAYA bin Abdul Latif
chancery:
     2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Suite 300, Washington, DC 20037
telephone:
     (202) 342-0159
FAX:
     (202) 342-0158
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
     Ambassador Theresa A. TULL
embassy:
     Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan
mailing address:
     American Embassy Box B, APO AP 96440
telephone:
     [673] (2) 229-670
FAX:
     [673] (2) 225-293
Flag:
     yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and
     black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red
     is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed
     flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a
     scroll and flanked by two upraised hands
 
                                  Economy
 
Overview:
     The economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship,
     government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. It
     is almost totally supported by exports of crude oil and natural gas,
     with revenues from the petroleum sector accounting for more than 50%
     of GDP. Per capita GDP is among the highest in the Third World, and
     substantial income from overseas investment supplements domestic
     production. The government provides for all medical services and
     subsidizes food and housing.
National product:
     GDP - exchange rate conversion - $2.5 billion (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
     1% (1991)
National product per capita:
     $9,000 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
     2% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
     3.7% (1989)
Budget:
revenues:
     $1.3 billion
expenditures:
     $1.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $255 million (1989
     est.)
 
 
Exports:
     $2.3 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
     crude oil, liquefied natural gas, petroleum products
partners:
     Japan 53%, UK 12%, South Korea 9%, Thailand 7%, Singapore 5% (1990)
Imports:
     $2 billion (c.i.f., 1992 est.)
commodities:
     machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals
partners:
     Singapore 35%, UK 26%, Switzerland 9%, US 9%, Japan 5% (1990)
External debt:
     $0
Industrial production:
     growth rate 12.9% (1987); accounts for 52.4% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
     310,000 kW
production:
     890 million kWh
consumption per capita:
     3,300 kWh (1990)
Industries:
     petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction
Agriculture:
     imports about 80% of its food needs; principal crops and livestock
     include rice, cassava, bananas, buffaloes, and pigs
Economic aid:
recipient:
     US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-87), $20.6 million; Western
     (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89),  $153
     million
Currency:
     1 Bruneian dollar (B$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
     Bruneian dollars (B$) per US$1 - 1.6032 (January 1994), 1.6158 (1993),
     1.6290 (1992), 1.7276 (1991), 1.8125 (1990), 1.9503 (1989); note - the
     Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar
Fiscal year:
     calendar year
 
                              Communications
 
Railroads:
     13 km 0.610-meter narrow-gauge private line
Highways:
total:
     1,090 km
paved:
     bituminous 370 km (with another 52 km under construction)
unpaved:
     gravel or earth 720 km
Inland waterways:
     209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 meters
 
 
Pipelines:
     crude oil 135 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural gas 920 km
Ports:
     Kuala Belait, Muara
Merchant marine:
     7 liquefied gas carriers (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476
     GRT/340,635 DWT
Airports:
total:
     2
usable:
     2
with permanent-surface runways:
     1
with runway over 3,659 m:
     1
with runway 2,440-3,659 m:
     0
with runway 1,220-2,439 m:
     1
Telecommunications:
     service throughout country is adequate for present needs;
     international service good to adjacent Malaysia; radiobroadcast
     coverage good; 33,000 telephones (1987); broadcast stations - 4 AM/FM,
     1 TV; 74,000 radio receivers (1987); satellite earth stations - 1
     Indian Ocean INTELSAT and 1 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT
 
                              Defense Forces
 
Branches:
     Land Force, Navy, Air Force, Royal Brunei Police
Manpower availability:
     males age 15-49 79,486; fit for military service 46,258; reach
     military age (18) annually 2,756 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
     exchange rate conversion - $300 million, 9% of GDP (1990)
 
 
 
===========================================================================
This section of THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 produced by the United States
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was derived from the US Dept. of Commerce
Economics and Statistics Division's NATIONAL TRADE DATA BANK (NTDB) CD-ROM,
November, 1994, SuDoc No. C 1.88:994/11/v.1-2 / Presented by Raleigh Muns,
(srcmuns@umslvma.umsl.edu) University of Missouri-St. Louis Libraries.