Access to THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 provided courtesy of
the libraries of the University of Missouri-St. Louis.
======================================================
National Trade Data Bank
ITEM ID     : CI WOFACT WO0009
DATE        : Oct 28, 1994
 
AGENCY      : CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PROGRAM     : WORLD FACTBOOK
TITLE       : World Factbook: Antigua and Barbuda
 
Source key      : CI 
Program key     : CI WOFACT 
Update sched.   : Annually         
Data type       : TEXT 
End year        : 1994
Date of record  : 19941020
Keywords 3      :  
Keywords 3      : | Antigua and Barbuda 
 
 
                            Antigua and Barbuda
 
 
                                 Geography
 
Location:
     Caribbean, in the eastern Caribbean Sea, about 420 km east-southeast
     of Puerto Rico
Map references:
     Central America and the Caribbean, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
     440 sq km
land area:
     440 sq km
comparative area:
     slightly less than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
note:
     includes Redonda
Land boundaries:
     0 km
Coastline:
     153 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone:
     24 nm
exclusive economic zone:
     200 nm
territorial sea:
     12 nm
International disputes:
     none
Climate:
     tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation
Terrain:
     mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands with some higher volcanic
     areas
Natural resources:
     negligible; pleasant climate fosters tourism
Land use:
arable land:
     18%
permanent crops:
     0%
meadows and pastures:
     7%
forest and woodland:
     16%
other:
     59%
Irrigated land:
     NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
     insufficient freshwater resources
natural hazards:
     subject to hurricanes and tropical storms (July to October)
 
 
international agreements:
     party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification,
     Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
     Pollution, Whaling
 
                                  People
 
Population:
     64,762 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
     0.59% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
     17.31 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
     5.44 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
     -5.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
     18.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
     73.11 years
male:
     71.07 years
female:
     75.26 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
     1.67 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
     Antiguan(s), Barbudan(s)
adjective:
     Antiguan, Barbudan
Ethnic divisions:
     black African, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian
Religions:
     Anglican (predominant), other Protestant sects, some Roman Catholic
Languages:
     English (official), local dialects
Literacy:
     age 15 and over having completed 5 or more years of schooling (1960)
total population:
     89%
male:
     90%
female:
     88%
Labor force:
     30,000
by occupation:
     commerce and services 82%, agriculture 11%, industry 7% (1983)
 
                                Government
 
 
Names:
conventional long form:
     none
conventional short form:
Digraph:
     AC
Type:
     parliamentary democracy
Capital:
     Saint John's
Administrative divisions:
     6 parishes and 2 dependencies*; Barbuda*, Redonda*, Saint George,
     Saint John, Saint Mary, Saint Paul, Saint Peter, Saint Philip
Independence:
     1 November 1981 (from UK)
National holiday:
     Independence Day, 1 November (1981)
Constitution:
     1 November 1981
Legal system:
     based on English common law
Suffrage:
     18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:
     Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor
     General James B. CARLISLE (since NA 1993)
head of government:
     Prime Minister Lester Bryant BIRD (since 8 March 1994)
cabinet:
     Council of Ministers; appointed by the governor general on the advice
     of the prime minister
Legislative branch:
     bicameral Parliament
Senate:
     17 member body appointed by the governor general
House of Representatives:
     elections last held 8 March 1994 (next to be held NA 1999); results -
     percent of vote by party NA; seats - (17 total) ALP 11, UPP 5,
     independent 1
Judicial branch:
     Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
     Antigua Labor Party (ALP), Lester Bryant BIRD; United Progressive
     Party (UPP), Baldwin SPENCER
Other political or pressure groups:
     United Progressive Party (UPP), headed by Baldwin SPENCER, a coalition
     of three opposition political parties - the United National Democratic
     Party (UNDP); the Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement (ACLM); and
     the Progressive Labor Movement (PLM); Antigua Trades and Labor Union
     (ATLU), headed by Noel THOMAS
 
 
Member of:
     ACP, C, CARICOM, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IFAD,
     IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ITU,
     LORCS, NAM (observer), OAS, OECS, OPANAL, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WCL,
     WHO, WMO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
     Ambassador Patrick Albert LEWIS
chancery:
     Suite 4M, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:
     (202) 362-5211 or 5166, 5122
FAX:
     (202) 362-5225
consulate(s) general:
     Miami
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
     the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Antigua and Barbuda,
     and, in his absence, the Embassy is headed by Charge d'Affaires Bryant
     J. SALTER
embassy:
     Queen Elizabeth Highway, Saint John's
mailing address:
     FPO AA 34054-0001
telephone:
     (809) 462-3505 or 3506
FAX:
     (809) 462-3516
Flag:
     red with an inverted isosceles triangle based on the top edge of the
     flag; the triangle contains three horizontal bands of black (top),
     light blue, and white with a yellow rising sun in the black band
 
                                  Economy
 
Overview:
     The economy is primarily service oriented, with tourism the most
     important determinant of economic performance. During the period
     1986-91, real GDP expanded at an annual average rate of about 6%.
     Tourism makes a direct contribution to GDP of about 13% and also
     affects growth in other sectors - particularly in construction,
     communications, and public utilities. In 1992, reduced government
     capital spending and private sector investment, dampened by recession
     in the major world economies, slowed economic growth.
National product:
     GDP - exchange rate conversion - $368.5 million (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
     NA
National product per capita:
     $5,800 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
     7% (1993)
Unemployment rate:
     5% (1988 est.)
 
 
Budget:
revenues:
     $105 million
expenditures:
     $161 million, including capital expenditures of $56 million (1992)
Exports:
     $54.7 million (f.o.b., 1992)
commodities:
     petroleum products 48%, manufactures 23%, food and live animals 4%,
     machinery and transport equipment 17%
partners:
     OECS 26%, Barbados 15%, Guyana 4%, Trinidad and Tobago 2%, US 0.3%
Imports:
     $260.9 million (f.o.b., 1992)
commodities:
     food and live animals, machinery and transport equipment,
     manufactures, chemicals, oil
partners:
     US 27%, UK 16%, Canada 4%, OECS 3%, other 50%
External debt:
     $250 million (1990 est.)
Industrial production:
     growth rate 3% (1989 est.); accounts for 8% of GDP
Electricity:
capacity:
     52,100 kW
production:
     95 million kWh
consumption per capita:
     1,482 kWh (1992)
Industries:
     tourism, construction, light manufacturing (clothing, alcohol,
     household appliances)
Agriculture:
     accounts for 4% of GDP; expanding output of cotton, fruits,
     vegetables, and livestock; other crops - bananas, coconuts, cucumbers,
     mangoes, sugarcane; not self-sufficient in food
Economic aid:
recipient:
     US commitments (1985-88), $10 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA
     and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $50 million
Currency:
     1 EC dollar (EC$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
     East Caribbean dollars (EC$) per US$1 - 2.70 (fixed rate since 1976)
Fiscal year:
     1 April - 31 March
 
                              Communications
 
Railroads:
     64 km 0.760-meter narrow gauge and 13 km 0.610-meter gauge used almost
     exclusively for handling sugarcane
 
 
Highways:
total:
     240 km
paved:
     NA
unpaved:
     NA
Ports:
     Saint John's
Merchant marine:
     227 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 849,699 GRT/1,218,492 DWT, bulk
     4, cargo 156, chemical tanker 11, container 37, liquified gas 2, oil
     tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 4, roll-on/roll-off cargo 11
note:
     a flag of convenience registry
Airports:
total:
     3
usable:
     3
with permanent-surface runways:
     2
with runways 3,659 m:
     0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
     1
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
     0
Telecommunications:
     good automatic telephone system; 6,700 telephones; tropospheric
     scatter links with Saba and Guadeloupe; broadcast stations - 4 AM, 2
     FM, 2 TV, 2 shortwave; 1 coaxial submarine cable; 1 Atlantic Ocean
     INTELSAT earth station
 
                              Defense Forces
 
Branches:
     Royal Antigua and Barbuda Defense Force, Royal Antigua and Barbuda
     Police Force (including the Coast Guard)
Defense expenditures:
     exchange rate conversion - $1.4 million, 1% of GDP (FY90/91)
 
 
 
===========================================================================
This section of THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 produced by the United States
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was derived from the US Dept. of Commerce
Economics and Statistics Division's NATIONAL TRADE DATA BANK (NTDB) CD-ROM,
November, 1994, SuDoc No. C 1.88:994/11/v.1-2 / Presented by Raleigh Muns,
(srcmuns@umslvma.umsl.edu) University of Missouri-St. Louis Libraries.