Access to THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 provided courtesy of
the libraries of the University of Missouri-St. Louis.
======================================================
National Trade Data Bank
ITEM ID     : CI WOFACT WO0006
DATE        : Oct 28, 1994
 
AGENCY      : CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
PROGRAM     : WORLD FACTBOOK
TITLE       : World Factbook: Angola
 
Source key      : CI 
Program key     : CI WOFACT 
Update sched.   : Annually         
Data type       : TEXT 
End year        : 1994
Date of record  : 19941020
Keywords 3      :  
Keywords 3      : | Angola 
 
 
                                  Angola
 
 
                                 Geography
 
Location:
     Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean between Namibia
     and Zaire
Map references:
     Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
total area:
     1,246,700 sq km
land area:
     1,246,700 sq km
comparative area:
     slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries:
     total 5,198 km, Congo 201 km, Namibia 1,376 km, Zaire 2,511 km, Zambia
     1,110 km
Coastline:
     1,600 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone:
     200 nm
territorial sea:
     20 nm
International disputes:
     none
Climate:
     semiarid in south and along coast to Luanda; north has cool, dry
     season (May to October) and hot, rainy season (November to April)
Terrain:
     narrow coastal plain rises abruptly to vast interior plateau
Natural resources:
     petroleum, diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, copper, feldspar, gold,
     bauxite, uranium
Land use:
arable land:
     2%
permanent crops:
     0%
meadows and pastures:
     23%
forest and woodland:
     43%
other:
     32%
Irrigated land:
     NA km2
 
 
Environment:
current issues:
     population pressures contributing to overuse of pastures and
     subsequent soil erosion; desertification; deforestation of tropical
     rain forest attributable to the international demand for tropical
     timber and domestic use as a fuel; deforestation contributing to loss
     of biodiversity; soil erosion contributing to water pollution and
     siltation of rivers and dams; scarcity of potable water
natural hazards:
     locally heavy rainfall causes periodic flooding on the plateau
international agreements:
     party to - Law of the Sea; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity,
     Climate Change
Note:
     Cabinda is separated from rest of country by Zaire
 
                                  People
 
Population:
     9,803,576 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
     2.67% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
     45.43 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
     18.55 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
     -0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
     145.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
     45.77 years
male:
     43.72 years
female:
     47.92 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
     6.48 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
     Angolan(s)
adjective:
     Angolan
Ethnic divisions:
     Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and
     Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
Religions:
     indigenous beliefs 47%, Roman Catholic 38%, Protestant 15% (est.)
Languages:
     Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
Literacy:
     age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population:
     42%
 
 
male:
     56%
female:
     28%
Labor force:
     2.783 million economically active
by occupation:
     agriculture 85%, industry 15% (1985 est.)
 
                                Government
 
Note:
     Civil war has been the norm since independence on 11 November 1975; a
     cease-fire lasted from 31 May 1991 until October 1992 when the
     insurgent National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA)
     refused to accept its defeat in internationally monitored elections;
     fighting has since resumed throughout much of the countryside.
     Nevertheless, the two sides are negotiating the details for holding
     the second round of presidential elections.
Names:
conventional long form:
     Republic of Angola
conventional short form:
local long form:
     Republica de Angola
local short form:
former:
     People's Republic of Angola
Digraph:
     AO
Type:
     transitional government nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong
     presidential system
Capital:
     Luanda
Administrative divisions:
     18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie,
     Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo,
     Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige,
     Zaire
Independence:
     11 November 1975 (from Portugal)
National holiday:
     Independence Day, 11 November (1975)
Constitution:
     11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March
     1991, and 26 August 1992
Legal system:
     based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently
     modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free
     markets
Suffrage:
     18 years of age; universal
 
 
Executive branch:
chief of state:
     President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979)
head of government:
     Prime Minister Marcolino Jose Carlos MOCO (since 2 December 1992)
cabinet:
     Council of Ministers; appointed by the president
Legislative branch:
     unicameral
National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional):
     first nationwide, multiparty elections were held 29-30 September 1992
     with disputed results; further elections are being discussed
Judicial branch:
     Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacao)
Political parties and leaders:
     Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose
     Eduardo DOS SANTOS, is the ruling party and has been in power since
     1975; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led
     by Jonas SAVIMBI, remains a legal party despite its return to armed
     resistance to the government; five minor parties have small numbers of
     seats in the National Assembly
Other political or pressure groups:
     Cabindan State Liberation Front (FLEC), N'ZITA Tiago, leader of
     largest faction (FLEC-FAC)
note:
     FLEC is waging a small-scale, highly factionalized, armed struggle for
     the independence of Cabinda Province
Member of:
     ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC (observer), ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO,
     IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU,
     LORCS, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,
     WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission:
     Ambassador Jose PATRICIO
embassy:
     1899 L Street NW, 5th floor, Washington, DC 20038
telephone:
     (202) 785-1156
FAX:
     (202) 785-1258
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission:
     Ambassador Edmund DE JARNETTE
embassy:
     Miramar, Luanda
mailing address:
     CP6484, Luanda, Angola (mail international); US Embassy, Luanda,
     Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20521-2550 (pouch)
telephone:
     [244] (2) 39-24-98
FAX:
     [244] (2) 39-05-15
 
 
Flag:
     two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered
     yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel
     crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)
 
                                  Economy
 
Overview:
     Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 80-90% of the
     population but accounts for less than 15% of GDP. Oil production is
     vital to the economy, contributing about 60% to GDP. Bitter internal
     fighting continues to severely affect the economy, and food must be
     imported. In 1993, production fell by an estimated 22.6%, mainly
     because of the capture by insurgents of the oil town of Soyo and
     diamond-producing areas in northeastern Angola. Angola has rich
     natural resources - notably gold, diamonds, and arable land, in
     addition to large oil depoaits - but will need to end the war and
     reform government policies if it is to achieve its potential.
National product:
     GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $5.7 billion (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate:
     -22.6% (1993 est.)
National product per capita:
     $600 (1993 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
     1,840% (1993 est.)
Unemployment rate:
     15% with considerable underemployment (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues:
     $928 million
expenditures:
     $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $963 million (1992
     est.)
Exports:
     $3 billion (f.o.b., 1993 est.)
commodities:
     oil, diamonds, refined petroleum products, gas, coffee, sisal, fish
     and fish products, timber, cotton
partners:
     US, France, Germany, Netherlands, Brazil
Imports:
     $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 1992 est.)
commodities:
     capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), food, vehicles
     and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; substantial
     military deliveries
partners:
     Portugal, Brazil, US, France, Spain
External debt:
     $8 billion (1993 est.)
Industrial production:
     growth rate NA%; accounts for about 60% of GDP, including petroleum
     output
 
 
Electricity:
capacity:
     510,000 kW
production:
     800 million kWh
consumption per capita:
     84 kWh (1991)
Industries:
     petroleum; mining - diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite,
     uranium, and gold; fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco;
     sugar; textiles; cement; basic metal products
Agriculture:
     cash crops - bananas, sugar cane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, cane,
     manioc, tobacco; food crops - cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains ;
     livestock production accounts for 20%, fishing 4%, forestry 2% of
     total agricultural output; disruptions caused by civil war, and
     marketing deficiencies require food imports
Economic aid:
recipient:
     US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $265 million; Western
     (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89),
     $1.105 billion; Communist countries (1970-89), $1.3 billion; net
     official disbursements (1985-89), $750 million
Currency:
     1 new kwanza (NKz) = 100 lwei
Exchange rates:
     kwanza (Kz) per US$1 - 90,000 (official rate 1June 1994), 180,000
     (black market rate 1 June 1994); 7,000 (official rate 16 December
     1993), 50,000 (black market rate 16 December 1993); 3,884 (July 1993);
     550 (April 1992); 90 (November 1991); 60 (October 1990)
Fiscal year:
     calendar year
 
                              Communications
 
Railroads:
     3,189 km total; 2,879 km 1.067-meter gauge, 310 km 0.600-meter gauge;
     limited trackage in use because of landmines still in place from the
     civil war; majority of the Benguela Railroad also closed because of
     civil war
Highways:
total:
     73,828 km
paved:
     bituminous-surface 8,577 km
unpaved:
     crushed stone, gravel, improved earth 29,350 km; unimproved earth
     35,901 km
Inland waterways:
     1,295 km navigable
Pipelines:
     crude oil 179 km
Ports:
     Luanda, Lobito, Namibe, Cabinda
 
 
Merchant marine:
     12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 63,776 GRT/99,863 DWT, cargo 11,
     oil tanker 1
Airports:
total:
     302
usable:
     175
with permanent-surface runways:
     32
with runways over 3,659 m:
     2
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
     18
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
     59
Telecommunications:
     limited system of wire, microwave radio relay, and troposcatter
     routes; high frequency radio used extensively for military links;
     telephone service limited mostly to government and business use;
     40,300 telephones (4.1 telephones per 1,000 persons); broadcast
     stations - 17 AM, 13 FM, 6 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth
     stations
 
                              Defense Forces
 
Branches:
     Army, Navy, Air Force/Air Defense, People's Defense Organization and
     Territorial Troops,
Manpower availability:
     males age 15-49 2,262,669; fit for military service 1,139,319; reach
     military age (18) annually 96,900 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
     $NA, NA% of GDP
 
 
 
===========================================================================
This section of THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1994 produced by the United States
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was derived from the US Dept. of Commerce
Economics and Statistics Division's NATIONAL TRADE DATA BANK (NTDB) CD-ROM,
November, 1994, SuDoc No. C 1.88:994/11/v.1-2 / Presented by Raleigh Muns,
(srcmuns@umslvma.umsl.edu) University of Missouri-St. Louis Libraries.