Access to THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1993 provided courtesy of The Libraries of the University of Missouri-St. Louis Match 232 DB Rec# - 55,980 Dataset-WOFACT Source :CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Source key :CI Program :WORLD FACTBOOK Program key :CI WOFACT Update sched. :Annually ID number :CI WOFACT 232 Title :TAJIKISTAN Data type :TEXT End year :1994 Date of record:02/16/1994 Keywords 3 : | TAJIKISTAN Text : TAJIKISTAN GEOGRAPHY Location: South Asia, between Uzbekistan and China Map references: Asia, Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States, Standard Time Zones of the World Area: total area: 143,100 km2 land area: 142,700 km2 comparative area: slightly smaller than Wisconsin Land boundaries: total 3,651 km, Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km Coastline: 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims: none; landlocked International disputes: boundary with China under dispute; territorial dispute with Kyrgyzstan on northern boundary in Isfara Valley area; Afghanistan's support to Islamic fighters in Tajikistan's civil war Climate: midlatitude; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains Terrain: Pamir and Altay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kafirnigan and Vakhsh Valleys in south or southwest Natural resources: significant hydropower potential, petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten Land use: arable land: 6% permanent crops: 0% forest and woodland: 0% other: 71% Irrigated land: 6,940 km2 (1990) Environment: NA Note: landlocked PEOPLE Population: 5,836,140 (July 1993 est.) Population growth rate: 2.72% (1993 est.) Birth rate: 35.52 births/1,000 population (1993 est.) Death rate: 6.87 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.) Net migration rate: -1.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.) Infant mortality rate: 63.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 68.5 years male: 65.66 years female: 71.48 years (1993 est.) Total fertility rate: 4.7 children born/woman (1993 est.) Nationality: noun: Tajik(s) adjective: Tajik Ethnic divisions: Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6% Religions: Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 5% Languages: Tajik (official) Literacy: age 9-49 can read and write (1970) total population: 100% male: 100% female: 99% Labor force: 1.938 million by occupation: agriculture and forestry 43%, industry and construction GOVERNMENT Names: conventional long form: Republic of Tajikistan conventional short form: Tajikistan local long form: Respublika i Tojikiston local short form: none former: Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic Digraph: TI Type: republic Capital: Dushanbe Administrative divisions: 2 oblasts (oblastey, singular - oblast') and one autonomous oblast*; Gorno-Badakhshan*; Khatlon, Leninabad (Khudzhand) note: the rayons around Dushanbe are under direct republic jurisdiction; an oblast usually has the same name as its administrative center (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) Independence: 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) Constitution: as of mid-1993, a new constitution had not been formally approved Legal system: based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts National holiday: NA Political parties and leaders: Tajik Democratic Party (TDP), Maksud IKRAMOV, Davia KOUDONAZAROV, Shodmon YUSUPOV; Tajik Socialist Party (TSP), Rakhman NABIYEV, Kakhkhor MAKHKAMOV; Islamic Revival Party (IRP), Mullah Mukhamedsharif KHIMATZODA, Daviat USMON Other political or pressure groups: Tajik People's Front Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Elections: President: last held 27 October 1991 (next to be held NA); results - Rakhman NABIYEV, Communist Party 60%; Davlat KHUDONAZAROV, Democratic Party, Islamic Rebirth Party and Rastokhoz Party 30% Supreme Soviet: last held 25 February 1990 (next to be held NA); results - Communist Party 99%, other 1%; seats - (230 total) Communist Party 227, other 3 note: in May 1992, the Supreme Soviet was replaced by the transitional 80-member Assembly (Majlis) and in November 1992 Emomili RAKHMANOV, chairman of the Assembly, became Chief of State Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly (Majlis) Judicial branch: NA Leaders: Chief of State: Acting President and Assembly Chairman Emomili RAKHMANOV (since NA November 1992) Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdumalik ABULAJANOV (since NA November 1992); First Deputy Prime Minister Tukhtaboy GAFAROV (since NA November 1992) Member of: CIS, CSCE, EBRD, ECO, ESCAP, NACC, UN, UNCTAD, WHO Diplomatic representation in US: chief of mission: NA chancery: NA telephone: NA US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Stanley T. ESCUDERO embassy: (temporary) #39 Ainii Street, Dushanbe mailing address: APO AE 09862 telephone: 7 (3772) 24-82-33 Flag: NA ECONOMY Overview: Tajikistan has had the lowest living standards of the CIS republics and now faces the bleakest economic prospects. Agriculture (particularly cotton and fruit growing) is the most important sector, accounting for 38% of employment (1990). Industrial production includes aluminum reduction, hydropower generation, machine tools, refrigerators, and freezers. Throughout 1992 bloody civil disturbances disrupted food imports and several regions became desperately short of basic needs. Hundreds of thousands of people were made homeless by the strife. In late 1992, one-third of industry was shut down and the cotton crop was only one-half of that of 1991. National product: GDP $NA National product real growth rate: -34% (1992 est.) National product per capita: $NA Inflation rate (consumer prices): 35% per month (first quarter 1993) Unemployment rate: 0.4% includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbers of underemployed workers Budget: revenues $NA; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of Exports: $100 million to outside successor states of the former USSR (1992) commodities: aluminum, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles partners: Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Imports: $100 million from outside the successor states of the former USSR (1992) commodities: chemicals, machinery and transport equipment, textiles, foodstuffs partners: NA External debt: $650 million (end of 1991 est.) Industrial production: growth rate -25% (1992 est.) Electricity: 4,585,000 kW capacity; 16,800 million kWh produced, 2,879 kWh per capita (1992) Industries: aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers Agriculture: cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, pigs, sheep and goats, yaks Illicit drugs: illicit producer of cannabis and opium; mostly for CIS consumption; limited government eradication programs; used as transshipment points for illicit drugs from Southwest Asia to Western Europe Economic aid: $700 million offical and commitments by foreign donors (1992) Currency: retaining Russian ruble as currency (January 1993) Exchange rates: rubles per US$1 - 415 (24 December 1992) but subject to wide fluctuations Fiscal year: calendar year COMMUNICATIONS Railroads: 480 km; does not include industrial lines (1990) Highways: 29,900 km total (1990); 21,400 km hard surfaced, 8,500 km earth Pipelines: natural gas 400 km (1992) Airports: total: 58 useable: 30 with permanent-surface runways: 12 with runways over 3,659 m: 0 with runways 2,440-3,659 m: 4 Telecommunications: poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the national network; telephone density in urban locations is about 100 per 1000 persons; linked by cable and microwave to other CIS republics, and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; satellite earth stations - 1 orbita and 2 INTELSAT (TV receive-only; the second INTELSAT earth station provides TV receive-only service from Turkey) Defense forces Branches: Army (being formed), National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops) Manpower availability: males age 15-49 1,313,676; fit for military service 1,079,935; reach military age (18) annually 56,862 (1993 est.) Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP -------------------------------------------------------------------------- This section of THE WORLD FACTBOOK 1993 produced by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) was derived from the US Dept. of Commerce Economics and Statistics Division's NATIONAL TRADE DATA BANK CD-ROM, July, 1994, SuDoc No. C 1.88:994/7/v.1-2 / R. Muns, UM-St. Louis Libraries Local Filename: WF940221.TXT