Minors in Interdisciplinary Studies

The College of Arts and Sciences offers a number of interdisciplinary programs leading to either Bachelor of Liberal Studies degree or a minor or a certificate in a designated area of study. There are also a number of courses which are designated as interdisciplinary and which may or may not be part of a particular interdisciplinary minor or certificate program.

These interdisciplinary courses and programs bring together the resources of two or more subject areas to focus on topics that benefit from being studied from the point of view of more than one discipline. In some cases, faculty from several departments teach as a team, giving students the opportunity to experience faculty dialogue in a cross disciplinary fashion.

Bachelor of Liberal Studies (BLS)
The Bachelor of Liberal Studies is a degree program that enables students to combine structured academic emphases in ways more relevant to their interests than the standard academic major.

Students who participate in this program must declare their areas of study (two minors or minor and certificate) at the time they declare that BLS is their intended degree. The plan of study should be approved at the beginning of the program.

To obtain a Bachelor of Liberal Studies (BLS), a student must complete:

In addition, students must complete the State Requirement (3) and Cultural Diversity Requirement (3) if not met in General Education course selection

Note: (Not all Departments have capstone courses so students must be careful to pair minors and certificates so that they have a capstone course.)

Also Required

The College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Fine Arts and Communication (CoFAC), Business Administration (BA), and the Pierre Laclede Honors College (PLHC) have joined together to make available Liberal Studies combinations involving the following units:

Department of Anthropology, (CAS)
Department of Art and Art History , (CoFAC)
Minor in Art History or Studio Art
Department of Biology, (CAS)
College of Business Administration, (BA)
Minor in Business Administration only
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, (CAS)
Department of Communication, (CoFAC)
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, (CAS)
Department of Economics, (CAS)
Department of English, (CAS)
Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, (CAS)
Department of History, (CAS)
Pierre Laclede Honors College (PLHC) *
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, (CAS)
Department of Music, (COFAC)
Department of Philosophy, (CAS)
Department of Physics and Astronomy, (CAS)
Department of Political Science, (CAS)
Department of Psychology, (CAS)
Department of Sociology, (CAS)
Department of Theatre, Dance and Media Studies, (COFAC)
Institute of Women’s and Gender Studies, (CAS)

Bachelor of Liberal Arts: Capstone and Other Restrictions
A. The School of Social work, as well as the Colleges of Education, Nursing, and the Joint Engineering Program are not participants in the BLS program.

B. The College of Business is participating but only the General Business Minor may be used. No capstone course will be available for the business minors. Students selecting the Business Minor as one of the components for the BLS must select the other minor from or a department that does offer a capstone.

C. The Studio Arts minors in the Department of Art and Art History will not have a capstone. Students selecting a Studio Art Minor will have to pair it with a minor that does have a capstone.

D.Undergraduate certificates and Interdisciplinary Minors may be paired with a minor to form a BLS core; however, since certificates and interdisciplinary minors will not have capstone courses, they must be paired with a minor that does have a capstone.  However, students admitted to the Pierre Laclede Honors College who wish to present the Honors Certificate as a minor for the BLS must complete the Honors Capstone (Honors 4100, one or two credit hours) and also direct three to six hours of their Honors independent study requirement to work demonstrably relevant to their BLS program.  Students should consult the BLS faculty advisor in the Honors College about this requirement.

E. Only the Theatre minor can be used from the Department of Theatre, Dance and Media Studies. That Department will offer no capstone course.

F. The capstone will be in addition to the courses presented for the minor. A minimum grade of C must be earned in the capstone course.

G. Students who are planning to earn a Bachelor of Liberal Studies degree should declare the BLS as their major within the first 90 hours of the program.  Declaration past this time may prevent timely graduation as all capstone courses are not available every semester.

H. The following departments have identified a Capstone:

Anthropology: ANTHRO 4301-Ideas and Explanations in Anthropology
Art & Art History: ST ART 3395-Sophomore/Junior Seminar: The Methods of Art History or one additional 4000 level topics course in Art History
Biology: BIOL 4889-Senior Seminar
Chemistry/Biochemistry: CHEM 3022-Introduction to Chemical Literature (1) and CHEM 3905-Chemical Research (1) and CHEM 4897-Seminar (1)
Communication: COMM 3330-Research Methods I
Criminology & Criminal Justice: CRIMIN 4390-Seminar in Criminology & Criminal Justice
Economics: ECON 4100-Introduction to Econometrics [If this course is used to complete the minor, then, the students must take an additional 4000 level Economic course.]
English: Additional 4000 level English Literature course [Student must identify themselves as using the additional 4000 level course as a Capstone so additional requirements can be assigned]
Foreign Languages and Literatures:
FRENCH 3211-Contemporary French Culture
GERMAN 3210-German Culture and Civilization
SPANISH 3210-Hispanic Culture and Civilization: Spain [or] SPANISH 3211-Hispanic Culture and Civilization: Spanish America
History: HIST 4004-Senior Seminar (5) credits
Honors College: HONORS 4100 (1 or 2 credit hours) and three to six credit hours of HONORS 4900 or 4910 are required.
Mathematics/Computer Science:
Computer Science: 4000 Level Course in Computer Science, which was not counted as one counted as one of the electives towards the minor.
Mathematics: 4000 Level Course in Mathematics, which was not counted as one counted as one of the electives towards the minor.
Statistics: There will be no Capstone course in Statistics. The student will have to choose a capstone course from the other area of concentration.
Music: Music 4000-Directed Studies (3) credits [Under the Music History and Literature, Music Theory and Composition, Music Pedagogy, or Music Practicum curricular destination]
Philosophy: PHIL 4491-Senior Seminar
Physics: PHYSICS 4381-Directed Readings in Physics
Political Science: POL SCI 3950-Senior Seminar in Political Science
Psychology: An additional 4000 level Psychology course beyond Psychology courses present for the Minor
Sociology: An additional 4000 level course in Sociology

Interdisciplinary Minors and Certificates

Minor in American Studies
American Studies is an internationally recognized academic field which involves an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the culture(s) of the United States, its colonial antecedents, and its indigenous peoples.

Students interested in this minor should contact the coordinator of American Studies for advice and information.

Candidates must have a cumulative grade point average of 2.0 or better in the 18 credit hours required for the minor. Three hours of the minor may be taken on a satisfactory/
unsatisfactory basis. Candidates wishing to take American Studies courses from the Honors College (see below) must be members of the Honors College or must have a 3.0 cumulative grade point average.

Requirements for the minor.
Completion of the American Studies minor requires at least 18 semester credit hours, including at least two courses (6 hours) from Section A and at least two courses (6 hours) from Section B. The other 6 hours may be chosen from Section A, B, and/or C. Please read the special requirements below.

A. Core courses in American Studies (all courses are 3 credits except where otherwise indicated).
At least two of the following core courses are required to qualify for the minor. Of this minimal requirement, one course must be chosen from either American Studies or English and the other from either History or Political Science. Students may take up to two additional courses from this group, and these may be chosen from any department or discipline.

Anthropology
2120, Native Peoples of North America

Art and Art History
1104, Indigenous Arts of North America
2270, American Art to 1876
2279, American Architecture

English
1170, American Literary Masterpieces
1700, African-American Literature
1710, Native American Literature
2710, American Literature I
2720, American Literature II

History
1001, American Civilization (to the mid-nineteenth century)
1002, American Civilization (from the mid-nineteenth century)
1003, African-American History
1004, The History of Women in the United States

HONORS 1210, American Traditions: Humanities
1220, American Traditions: the Fine and Performing Arts
1230, American Traditions: Social Sciences
1310, Non-Western Traditions: Humanities
1320, Non-Western Traditions: the Fine and Performing Arts
1330, Non-Western Traditions: Social Sciences
Admission to these Honors Seminars requires consent of the dean of the Honors College: note that depending on instructor and content, HONORS 1210 can fulfill the requirements from this group in literature/American Studies and HONORS 1230 can fulfill the History/Political Science requirement. HONORS 1310-1330 can qualify as additional Group A choices when their focus is on Native American traditions.

Music
1002, Introduction to African American Music
1060, Introduction to Jazz

Philosophy
3307, American Philosophy

Political Science
1100, Introduction to American Politics
1990, The City
2300, State Politics
2350, Introduction to Urban Politics
2650, American Political Thought
2900, Studies in Political Science (when appropriate).

Sociology
1990, The City

B. Optional courses in American Studies (all courses are 3 credits except where otherwise indicated).
To complete the American Studies minor, students must choose at least two courses from this group, from any department or discipline, and may choose up to four courses in this group. Courses chosen from this group must be chosen from at least two departments.

Anthropology
3250, American Folklore
3291, Current Issues in Anthropology (when appropriate).

Art and Art History
3360, Photography and Society (same as INTDSC 3360)
4475, Topics in American Art
4481, Topics in Contemporary Art (when appropriate)

Communication
1050, Introduction to Mass Media
2243, Communications in American Politics
3352, Mass Media Criticism

Economics
2800, History of American Economic Development (same as HIST 2800)

Education
ED FND 3251, Black Americans in Education
ED FND 4330, History of American Education
ED FND 4332, Progressivism and Modern Education

English
3800, Topics in Women and Literature (when appropriate)
4610, Selected Major American Writers I
4620, Selected Major American Writers II
4640, American Fiction to World War I
4650, Modern American Fiction
4930, Studies in Women and Literature (when appropriate)
4950, Special Topics in Literature (when appropriate)

History
2219, U.S. Labor History
2800, History of American Economic Development (Same as ECON 2800)
3000, Selected Topics in History (when appropriate)
3012, The Indian in American History, 1600 - 1900
3021, U. S. Urban History
3031, History of Women in the United States
3042, U.S. Social Movements in the 20 th Century
3043, History of Crime and Justice
3051, African-American History: From Slavery to Civil Rights
3052, African-American History: From Civil Rights to Black Power
3053, African-American Women's History
4004, Senior Seminar (5 credits: when appropriate)
4013, United States History for the Secondary Classroom

Honors College
(When topics are appropriate, any of the seminars below can qualify as an "option" course for the American Studies minor. Admission to these courses requires the consent of the dean of the Honors College.)

2010, Inquiries in the Humanities
2020, Inquiries in the Fine and Performing Arts
2030, Inquiries in the Social Sciences
2070, Inquiries in Education
3010, Advanced Seminar in the Humanities
3020, Advanced Seminar in the Fine and Performing Arts
3030, Advanced Seminar in the Social Sciences
3070, Advanced Seminar in Education
3510, Research Seminar: Humanities
3520, Research Seminar: Fine and Performing Arts
3530, Research Seminar: Social and Behavioral Sciences
3570, Research Seminar: Education

Interdisciplinary
3360, Photography and Society (same as ST ART 3360)

Philosophy
4410, Significant Figures in Philosophy (when appropriate)

Political Science
2280, Judicial Politics and Policy
3300, The American Presidency
3331, Congressional Politics
2320, African Americans and the Political System
3340, Politics and the Media
3450, Political Parties and Elections
2380, Women in U. S. Politics
3200, Constitutional Law
3210, Civil Liberties
3390, Studies in American Politics (when appropriate)

Sociology
1040, Social Problems
2100, Women in Contemporary Society
3268, The Sociology of Conflict
4316, Power, Ideology and Social Movements
4360, Sociology of Minority Groups
4380, Selected Topics in Social Policy (when appropriate)

C. American Studies elective courses (courses are 3 credit hours unless otherwise indicated).
Up to two courses from this group may be used for the American Studies minor. When two courses are chosen form this group, they must be chosen from different departments.

Anthropology
2126, Archaeology of Greater St. Louis
2131, Archaeology of Missouri
2132, Archaeology of North America
2138, African-American Archaeology

Art and Art History
2281, Art Since 1960

Communication
3332, Intercultural Communications
3343, The Rhetoric of Protest

Criminology and Criminal Justice
2240, Policing
4340, Race, Crime and Justice

English
4060, Adolescent Literature
4770, Modern Poetry
4760, Modern Drama
4740, Poetry since World War II

History
3001, United States History: Colonial America to 1763
3002, United States History: Revolution and the New Nation, 1763 - 1815
3003, United States History: Nationalism and Sectionalism, 1815 to 1860
3004, United States History: 1860-1900
3005, United States History: 1900-1940
3006, United States History: 1940 to the Present
3031, History of Women in the United States
3041, Topics in American Constitutional History
3044, American Military History to 1900
3045, American Foreign and Military Affairs, 1900-Present

Media Studies
2218, Public Policy in Telecommunication
3355, Media law and Regulation

Political Science
2260, Law and the Individual
2290, Women and the Law
2420, Introduction to Public Policy
2820, United States Foreign Policy
3330, Introduction to Political Behavior
3370, Mock Constitutional Convention
3410, The Politics of Business Regulation
3460, The Politics of Poverty and Welfare

Social Work
2200, Social Welfare as a Social Institution
3210, Social Issues and Social Policy Development

Sociology
1040, Social Problems
2180, Alcohol, Drugs and Society
3202, Urban Sociology
4354, Sociology of Business and Work Settings

In addition, courses with variable topics such as Topics in…, Studies in..., and seminars may be taken when the topics are appropriate. When in any doubt, see the coordinator of American Studies; such courses must be approved for inclusion in your American Studies minor before the semester registration deadline.

Minor in Black Studies
The minor in black studies is open to all undergraduate students at UMSL, whatever their major field. This minor is an interdisciplinary course of studies intended to provide a focus for new and existing courses in the area of black and African diaspora studies. A faculty member with expertise in black or diaspora studies is designated as coordinator. Students interested in pursuing the minor should consult the coordinator for advisement. For appropriate referral, please contact the advising office at the College of Arts and Sciences, 303 Lucas Hall.

Candidates must have a cumulative grade point average of 2.0 or better in the minor. Courses taken on a satisfactory/ unsatisfactory basis may not be applied to the minor. Courses applied to the minor may not be counted for a major.

Any courses relevant to black or African diaspora studies, offered by a humanities or social science department, may be taken when approved by the coordinator for the minor. Special topics courses, directed studies or readings may also be included for credit if relevant to the minor.

Requirements

1. Students must take one of the following:
HIST 1063, The African Diaspora to 1800
HIST 1064, The African Diaspora Since 1800

2. A minimum of two courses from the following:
ANTHRO 1005, Human Origins
ANTHRO 2124, Cultures of Africa
ART HS 1105, Introduction to The Arts of Africa
ENGL 1700, African-American Literature
HIST 1003, African American History
HIST 1061, African Civilization to 1800
HIST 1062, African Civilization Since 1800
M H L T 1002, Introduction to African-American Music

3. Students should select a minimum of three courses from the following list. One course must be a social science and one must be a humanities course.
ANTHRO 3234, Cultural Continuity and Change in Subsaharan Africa
ANTHRO 3235, Women in Subsaharan Africa: A Contemporary Perspective
HIST 3050, Topics in African-American History
HIST 3053, African American Women's History
HIST 3301, West Africa to 1800
HIST 3302, West Africa Since 1800
HIST 3303, African Diaspora to 1800
HIST 3304, African Diaspora since 1800
POL SCI 2320, African Americans and the Political System
POL SCI 2580, African Politics
PSYCH 4392, Selected Topics in Psychology: African American Psychology (Note: Students should only take PSYCH 4392 when the topic is African American Psychology).
SOC 3245, Sociology of South Africa
SOC 4360, Sociology of Minority Groups
COMM 3332, Intercultural Communication

Minor in Classical Studies
The minor in classical studies is an interdisciplinary course of studies intended to encourage undergraduates in various disciplines to come to a fuller awareness of the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome and of the classical tradition that underlies much of modern Western civilization. In addition to appealing to any student’s curiosity about the early stages of society in the West, the minor provides an especially valuable supplement to those who are majoring in many liberal arts areas including history, literature, philosophy, foreign languages, and art.

Students pursuing the minor will acquire a foundation in either Greek or Latin. They may choose to use either sequence to fulfill the foreign language requirement in the College of Arts and Sciences.

Requirements
Candidates for the minor must complete 19 credit hours of course work including:

LATIN 1001
LATIN 1002 or GRK ANC 1001
GRK ANC 1002
and three courses from the following list and any other course approved by the coordinator:
GRK ANC 1001, Intermediate Ancient Greek Language and Culture
ST ART 2211, Art and Archeology of the Ancient World
ST ART 2212, Greek Art and Archeology
ST ART 2213, Roman Art and Archeology
ST ART 4411, Topics in Ancient Art and Archeology
ENGL 1200, Myth
ENGL 2200, Classical Literature in Translation
HIST 3081, Rome: The Republic and Empire
LATIN 2101, Intermediate Latin Language and Culture
PHIL 3301, Ancient Philosophy
PHIL 4401, Plato
PHIL 4402, Aristotle

Minor in Legal Studies
The minor in legal studies is open to all undergraduate students at UMSL, whatever their major field. It offers a secondary field of concentration in one of the most important areas of social life. Students may use the minor as a complement to their major, as an additional qualification for career opportunities, or as general education.

This interdisciplinary minor coordinates liberal arts courses related to law. A faculty member in Legal Studies will advise students and will work with their major advisers in planning appropriate courses.

Candidates must take:

INTDSC 1200, Foundations of Law: An Introduction to Legal Studies (crosslisted as POL SCI 1200 and CRIMIN 1200), and five courses from the following list. At least three courses must be taken at the 3000 level and above. No more than two courses from a single discipline may be included in the minor.

CRIMIN 1100, Introduction to Criminology and Criminal Justice
CRIMIN 1075, Crime and Punishment
CRIMIN 1130, Criminal Justice Policy
CRIMIN 2226, Law and the Individual
CRIMIN 2227, Urban Law: Poverty and the Justice System
CRIMIN 3345, Rights of the Offender
COMM 3355, Media Law and Regulation
ECON 3650, Law and Economics
HIST 3041, Topics in American Constitutional History
HIST 3071, Medieval England
PHIL 4487, Philosophy of Law
PHIL 5533, Seminar in Philosophy of Law
POL SCI 2260, Law and the Individual (cross listed as CRIMIN 2226)
POL SCI 2280, Judicial Politics and Policy
POL SCI 2290, Women and the Law
POL SCI 3200, Constitutional Law
POL SCI 3210, Civil Liberties
POL SCI 3260, Judicial Decision Making
POL SCI 3290, Studies in Public Law
POL SCI 4850, International Law
SOC 2175, Women, Crime, and Society
SOC 3278, Sociology of Law

Minor in Public Affairs Journalism
The minor in public affairs journalism provides students with an overview of media operations, including basic writing and reporting skills, as well as a specialty area of advanced study. Ordinarily the specialty or cognate area focuses on a particular field, such as consumer affairs, economics, or political science -- areas in which a journalist would specialize. Cognate areas are proposed by students seeking the minor and approved by a faculty committee.

A minimum grade point average of 2.0 is required in the minor. No more than 3 hours credit may be taken on a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis. A total of 18 hours is required for the minor. At least 12 of the 18 required hours must be taken at UMSL.

Requirements
A. 9 hours in communication/English professional training:

ENGL 3140 or Media 3214, News Writing
ENGL 3180, Reporting or MEDIA ST 2212, Broadcast Writing and Reporting
ENGL 4890, Independent Writing Project, or MEDIA ST 3394, 3396 or 3397, Internship

B. 9 hours in public affairs at the 3000 level or above

1.Students earning a writing certificate or majoring in communication with a mass communication emphasis must take 15 hours (at least 9 of these at the 3000 level or above) in economics, political science, or sociology.

2. Students majoring in economics, political science, or sociology must take 9 hours (in addition to the required English/communication courses) at the 3000 level or above in addition to English/communication courses chosen from those listed above and/or in the two cognate areas outside their major (i.e., economics, political science, or sociology).

A list of courses applicable to the minor is available from the coordinator.

Minor in Urban Studies
A minor in urban studies includes 18 hours of course work. Candidates must have a cumulative grade point average of 2.0 or better in the minor. Courses taken on a satisfactory/ unsatisfactory basis may not be applied to the minor. Special topics courses relevant to urban studies may be included in the minor when approved in advance by the coordinator of the urban studies minor.

Requirements
Students must take:
INTDSC 1990, The City and five courses selected from the following list, at least three courses at the 3000 level or above. No more than two courses from a single discipline may be included in the minor.

Courses Applicable to the Minor
ANTHRO 3242, The Culture of Cities
ANTHRO 3250, American Folklore
ART HS 2279, American Architecture
ART HS 3365, The Artist and the City
CRIMIN 2230, Crime Prevention
CRIMIN 4300, Communities and Crime
ECON 3510, Public Finance: State and Local
ECON 3700, Urban and Regional Economics
HIST 3000, Selected Topics in History (when urban or St. Louis history)
POL SCI 2350, Introduction to Urban Politics
POL SCI 3450, Urban Administration
POL SCI 4470, Urban Planning and Politics
PSYCH 4235, Community Psychology
PSYCH 3256, Environmental Psychology
SOC 1040, Social Problems
SOC 3202, Urban Sociology
SOC 4344, Problems of Urban Community

Course Descriptions

In addition to regular departmental offerings, the College of Arts and Sciences also offers several interdisciplinary courses, listed below. These courses bring together the resources of two or more disciplines to focus on topics that benefit from being studied from the point of view of more than one discipline. In many cases faculty from several departments teach an interdisciplinary course together, giving students the opportunity to experience faculty dialogue on issues in a cross-disciplinary fashion. Most interdisciplinary courses have no prerequisites. Freshman and sophomore students are especially encouraged to take these courses.

Students who have earned 24 or more semester hours of credit at any accredited post-secondary institutions(s) before the start of the fall 2002 semester must meet the general education requirements stipulated in the UMSL 2001-2002 Bulletin. The following courses fulfill the Social Sciences breadth of study requirements as described in that Bulletin: 1001, 1200, 1220, 1450, 1990, 2102, 2150++, 3690*. The following courses fulfill the Humanities breadth of study requirement: 1000, 4465.

*These courses may fulfill the Humanities or Social Sciences breadth of study requirements.
++ Depending on topic.

160 Monday Noon Cultural Seminar (2)
An interdisciplinary examination of topics in the Humanities. Students will attend the Monday Noon Cultural Series program of the Center for the Humanities each week and meet as a group to explore the nature and background of each presentation, e.g., fiction reading, musical event, presentation of scholarly research in the arts or culture, or social and historical analysis.

1000 Special Topics (3)
Topics may vary from semester to semester, however, material will be selected which will focus in the social, economic, historical or political institution of Great Britain.

1001 Special Topics (3)
Topics may vary from semester to semester, however, material will be selected which will focus in the social, economic, historical or political institution of Great Britain.

1002 – Freshman Success Seminar (1)
An introduction to technologies and knowledge required in navigating the terrain of higher education, to improve their academic performance, to help determine their strengths and goals, and to encourage them to implement strategies to enhance their personal, academic, and career success. Topics will include study skills, time management, test taking skills, library skills, career development, financial management, health issues, and diversity awareness.

1010 Information Research & Success (1)
Students will gain knowledge and develop critical thinking skills to succeed academically by learning to frame meaningful questions; developing an understanding of the structure and content of library and electronic information resources; evaluating information; and using library and information resources as learning tools.

1200 Foundations of Law: An Introduction to Legal Studies (3)
(Same as CRIMIN 1200 and POL SCI 1200). As a broad liberal-arts approach to the study of law, this course is designed to familiarize students with legal ideas, legal reasoning, and legal processes. It also provides comparative and historical perspectives on law that will help explain legal diversity and legal change. Finally, it offers opportunities to explore some of the persistent issues in law and legal theory: for example, issues about the sources of law, the responsibilities of the legal profession, or the relative merits of the adversary system.

1450 Introduction to Labor Studies (3)
(Same as POL SCI 1450). This course covers many topics important to the role of unions in the American political system and American society from a labor perspective. Topics include the role of workers in current and future times, unions' institutional structure, collective bargaining strategies and obstacles for union organizing, recent union campaigns, labor's political role, and the relationship between labor and media.

1990 The City (3)
(Same as POL SCI 1990, and SOC 1999). Consideration of economic factors, urban institutions, historical developments in urbanization, problems of the inner city, suburbia and the metropolitan area, ethnic groups, stratification, and psychological implications of urban living. This course is primarily for freshmen and sophomores. It is open to juniors and seniors with the instructor's permission.

2102 Introduction to Women's Studies (3)
(Same as SOC 2102 and PSYCH 2102). An introduction to the study of women's roles in a diverse and gendered culture and society. Through a variety of disciplinary perspectives in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, it seeks to understand gender as a concept that affects both women and men. This course explores issues of power, identity, and relationship in women's lives.

2150 Special Topics in Women's and Gender Studies (3)
An introduction to a particular topic area in women's studies (topics will be announced prior to registration), drawing on the theories and methods of such disciplines as sociology, Psychology, political science, history, philosophy, art history, and others to examine particular aspects of women's experience in social and cultural life. Course may satisfy the distribution requirement for Humanities or Social Sciences depending on the topic.

2170 Aging in America: Concepts and Controversies (3)
(Same as SOC 2170, SOC WK 2170, and GERON 2170). This course examines the major theoretical and service issues connected to the study of older adults and their families, using multidisciplinary perspectives. Students are provided with an introduction to the field of aging through an examination of current social issues and controversies. This course emphasizes student involvement through class discussion, and is appropriate for students in the arts and sciences, business, communication, education, and nursing.

3220 Science for the Middle School Teacher I (5)
Prerequisites: CHEM 1111, BIOL 1811 and either CHEM 1011 or BIOL 1202. This course is intended to provide science content and pedagogical methods to students preparing to teach science at the middle school level. Science content in the first semester may include investigations of the properties of solids and solutions, chemical changes and conservation of matter, forces and simple machines, food webs, the environment and ecosystems, heat and radiation, waves and diffraction, static electricity and currents, but other topics from the middle school science curriculum could be substituted. Students will be expected to develop grade appropriate teaching materials, and complete individual and group investigations. Two hours of lecture, one hour of discussion , and two two-hour laboratory sessions per week.

3352 Independent Studies in Women's and Gender Studies (1-3)
Prerequisite: Junior standing; two courses in Women's and Gender Studies, including 2102; and consent of the instructor and the Institute. Directed independent work in selected Women's and Gender Studies topics through readings, research, reports and/or conferences. Course may satisfy the distribution requirement for the Humanities, Social Sciences or Math/Science depending on topic.

3360 Photography and Society (3)
(Same as ART HS 3360). A study of photography as a means of information and expression, as an influence on culture, and as a reflection of concepts in politics, science, morality, and art.

3690 The Marxist Heritage (3)
Same as PHIL 3369, and POL SCI 3690.  Study of Marx and leading Marxists. Designed to evaluate their influence on recent political, economic, and social thought and institutions.

5350 Topics in Women's and Gender Studies (3)
Prerequisite: Junior standing and one Women's and Gender Studies course. This course will focus on a particular aspect of women's conditions (to be announced prior to registration) and will draw upon recent theoretical and methodological work in the field of women's and gender studies from a variety of disciplines. Course may satisfy the distribution requirement for Humanities or Social Sciences depending on the topic.

5353 Internship in Women's and Gender Studies (3)
Prerequisite: 90 hours. 2.5 GPA, 12 WGST hrs. Internship would place the student in a profit or nonprofit setting for approximately ten hours a week in an internship structured and supervised by the Institute; consent of Director required; may include biweekly seminar. Student must present appropriate course background for either option, plus the above pre/co-requisites.

6401 Inquiries in Women's and Gender Studies (3)
Introduces graduate students to the field of women's studies, with particular focus on its vocabulary and evolution, its location within and relationship to the academy, and its predominant theoretical and methodological frameworks. Specific content will vary year to year. Strongly encouraged for graduate students in Women's and Gender Studies.

6452 Special Readings in Women's Studies/Gender Studies (3)
Prerequisite: Admission to Graduate Certificate program and consent of instructor. Directed independent work on a selected Women's and Gender Studies topic through readings, research, reports, and/or conferences.